Bibliography for HIST9204: Animals, Demons and the Boundaries of the Human in the Late Middle Ages BETA

Adelard, Burnett, Charles, Ronca, Italo, Mantas España, Pedro, and Abeele, Baudouin van den. 1998a. Adelard of Bath, Conversations with His Nephew: On the Same and the Different, Questions on Natural Science, and On Birds. Vol. Cambridge medieval classics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Adelard, Burnett, Charles, Ronca, Italo, Mantas España, Pedro, and Abeele, Baudouin van den. 1998b. Adelard of Bath, Conversations with His Nephew: On the Same and the Different, Questions on Natural Science, and On Birds. Vol. Cambridge medieval classics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Alan of Lille, James J. Sheridan, and Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies. 1980a. The Plaint of Nature. Vol. Mediaeval sources in translation. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies.

Alan of Lille, James J. Sheridan, and Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies. 1980b. The Plaint of Nature. Vol. Mediaeval sources in translation. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies.

Albertus Magnus Saint, and James J. Scanlan. 1987a. Man and the Beasts: De Animalibus (Books 22-26). Vol. Medieval&Renaissance texts&studies. Binghampton, N.Y.: Centre for Medieval and Early Renaissance Studies at the State University of New York at Binghampton.

Albertus Magnus Saint, and James J. Scanlan. 1987b. Man and the Beasts: De Animalibus (Books 22-26). Vol. Medieval&Renaissance texts&studies. Binghampton, N.Y.: Centre for Medieval and Early Renaissance Studies at the State University of New York at Binghampton.

Albertus, Resnick, Irven Michael, and Kitchell, Kenneth. 2008a. Questions Concerning Aristotle’s On Animals. Vol. The fathers of the church. Mediaeval continuation. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press.

Albertus, Resnick, Irven Michael, and Kitchell, Kenneth. 2008b. Questions Concerning Aristotle’s On Animals. Vol. The fathers of the church. Mediaeval continuation. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press.

Albertus and Scanlan, James J. 1987a. Man and the Beasts: De Animalibus (Books 22-26). Vol. Medieval&Renaissance texts&studies. Binghampton, N.Y.: Centre for Medieval and Early Renaissance Studies at the State University of New York at Binghampton.

Albertus and Scanlan, James J. 1987b. Man and the Beasts: De Animalibus (Books 22-26). Vol. Medieval&Renaissance texts&studies. Binghampton, N.Y.: Centre for Medieval and Early Renaissance Studies at the State University of New York at Binghampton.

Alexander, Dominic. 2008. Saints and Animals in the Middle Ages. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press.

Almond, Richard. 2003. Medieval Hunting. Stroud: Sutton.

Anglo, S. 2011. ‘Evident Authority and Authoritative Evidence: The Malleus Maleficarum’. Pp. 1–31 in The damned art: essays in the literature of witchcraft. Vol. Routledge library editions. Witchcraft. London: Routledge.

Anne Neary. 1983. ‘The Origins and Character of the Kilkenny Witchcraft Case of 1324’. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. Section C: Archaeology, Celtic Studies, History, Linguistics, Literature 83:333–50.

Anon. 1985. L’uomo Di Fronte al Mundo Animale Nell’alto Medioevo: 7-13 Aprile 1983. Vol. Settimane di studio del Centro italiano di studi sull’alto Medioevo. Spoleto: Presso la sede del centro.

Anon. 1997. ‘Do Centaurs Have Souls?’ Pp. 139–54 in Animals and the symbolic in mediaeval art and literature. Vol. Mediaevalia Groningana. Groningen: Egbert Forsten.

Anon. 1998. ‘Augustine, City of God, Book 9’. Pp. 359–89 in The city of God against the pagans. Vol. Cambridge texts in the history of political thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Anon. n.d.-a. ‘An English Fifteenth-Century Bestiary Online’. Retrieved (http://www.kb.dk/permalink/2006/manus/221/eng/).

Anon. n.d.-b. ‘Animal Wiki’. Retrieved (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal).

Anon. n.d.-c. ‘Animals in Medieval Art | Thematic Essay | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History | The Metropolitan Museum of Art’. Retrieved (http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/best/hd_best.htm).

Anon. n.d.-d. ‘Aristotle’s De Animalibus Online’. Retrieved (http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/history_anim.mb.txt).

Anon. n.d.-e. ‘Batman Vppon Bartholome His Booke De Proprietatibus Rerum, Newly Corrected, Enlarged and Amended: With Such Additions as Are Requisite, Vnto Euery Seuerall Booke: Taken Foorth of the Most Approued Authors, the like Heretofore Not Translated in English. Profitable for All Estates, as Well for the Benefite of the Mind as the Bodie. 1582.’ Retrieved (http://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo/A05237.0001.001/1:12.3?rgn=div2;view=fulltext).

Anon. n.d.-f. ‘Batman Vppon Bartholome His Booke De Proprietatibus Rerum, Newly Corrected, Enlarged and Amended: With Such Additions as Are Requisite, Vnto Euery Seuerall Booke: Taken Foorth of the Most Approued Authors, the like Heretofore Not Translated in English. Profitable for All Estates, as Well for the Benefite of the Mind as the Bodie. 1582.’ Retrieved (http://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo/A05237.0001.001/1:12.3?rgn=div2;view=fulltext).

Anon. n.d.-g. ‘Bernard of Clairvaux, Apologia (1125)’. Retrieved (http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/bernard1.asp).

Anon. n.d.-h. ‘Bestiare. A Web Exhibition of Images of Animals from Illuminated Manuscripts.’ Retrieved (http://expositions.bnf.fr/bestiaire/index.htm).

Anon. n.d.-i. ‘CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Home’. Retrieved (http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/).

Anon. n.d.-j. ‘CHURCH FATHERS: City of God, Book IX (St. Augustine)’. Retrieved (http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/120109.htm).

Anon. n.d.-k. ‘CHURCH FATHERS: City of God, Book XVI (St. Augustine)’. Retrieved (http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/120116.htm).

Anon. n.d.-l. ‘CHURCH FATHERS: City of God, Book XVIII (St. Augustine)’. Retrieved (http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/120118.htm).

Anon. n.d.-m. ‘CUL Witchcraft Collection - Collection Overview’. Retrieved (http://digital.library.cornell.edu/w/witch/index.html).

Anon. n.d.-n. ‘Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages Oxford Reference’. Retrieved (http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780227679319.001.0001/acref-9780227679319).

Anon. n.d.-o. ‘Erik Kwakkel’. Retrieved (http://erikkwakkel.tumblr.com/).

Anon. n.d.-p. ‘Gawain and the Green Knight (c.1375-1400)’.

Anon. n.d.-q. ‘History of Medieval & Renaissance Europe: Primary Documents - EuroDocs’. Retrieved (https://eudocs.lib.byu.edu/index.php/History_of_Medieval_and_Renaissance_Europe:_Primary_Documents).

Anon. n.d.-r. History of Science: The Book of Beasts: Contents.

Anon. n.d.-s. ‘History Sourcebooks:The Golden Legend (Aurea Legenda) Compiled by Jacobus de Voragine, 1275 Englished by William Caxton, 1483’. Retrieved (http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/goldenlegend/).

Anon. n.d.-t. ‘John of Salisbury, Frivolities of Courtiers and Footprints of Philosophers’. Retrieved (http://www.constitution.org/salisbury/policrat123.htm).

Anon. n.d.-u. ‘Marie de France: Lais’. Retrieved (http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/jshoaf/Marie/).

Anon. n.d.-v. ‘Medieval Realms’. Retrieved (http://www.bl.uk/learning/histcitizen/medieval/medievalrealms.html).

Anon. n.d.-w. ‘Medieval Sourcebook’. Retrieved (https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/sbook.asp).

Anon. n.d.-x. ‘Medieval Sourcebook: Stephen de Bourbon (d. 1262): De Supersticione: On St. Guinefort’. Retrieved (http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/guinefort.asp).

Anon. n.d.-y. ‘ORB: The Online Reference Book for Medieval Studies’. Retrieved (https://the-orb.arlima.net/).

Anon. n.d.-z. ‘Paws, Pee and Mice: Cats among Medieval Manuscripts | Medievalfragments’. Retrieved (http://medievalfragments.wordpress.com/2013/02/22/paws-pee-and-mice-cats-among-medieval-manuscripts/).

Anon. n.d.-aa. ‘Saints and Dragons: The Golden Legend. Compiled by Jacobus de Voragine, Archbishop of Genoa, 1275.’ Retrieved (http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/goldenlegend/GoldenLegend-Volume3.asp).

Anon. n.d.-ab. ‘Saints and Dragons: The Golden Legend. Compiled by Jacobus de Voragine, Archbishop of Genoa, 1275.’ Retrieved (http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/goldenlegend/GoldenLegend-Volume3.asp).

Anon. n.d.-ac. ‘Sir Gowther’. Retrieved (http://www.eleusinianm.co.uk/ScotMS/sm1sirgowther.html).

Anon. n.d.-ad. ‘Sir Gowther’. Retrieved (http://www.eleusinianm.co.uk/ScotMS/sm1sirgowther.html).

Anon. n.d.-ae. ‘Sir Orfeo (Late 13th or Early 14th Century)’. Retrieved (http://d.lib.rochester.edu/robbins).

Anon. n.d.-af. ‘Sir Orfeo (Late 13th or Early 14th Century)’. Retrieved (http://d.lib.rochester.edu/robbins).

Anon. n.d.-ag. ‘Stephen de Bourbon, De Supersticione (On Superstition)  (1240-62).’ Retrieved (http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/guinefort.asp).

Anon. n.d.-ah. ‘SUMMA THEOLOGICA: Home’. Retrieved (http://www.newadvent.org/summa/).

Anon. n.d.-ai. ‘SUMMA THEOLOGICA: The Assaults of the Demons (Prima Pars, Q. 114)’. Retrieved (http://www.newadvent.org/summa/1114.htm).

Anon. n.d.-aj. ‘The Aberdeen Bestiary Project - University of Aberdeen’. Retrieved (http://www.abdn.ac.uk/bestiary/).

Anon. n.d.-ak. ‘The Art of the Middle Ages’. Retrieved (http://witcombe.sbc.edu/ARTHmedieval.html).

Anon. n.d.-al. ‘The Labyrinth’.

Anon. n.d.-am. ‘The Medieval Bestiary’. Retrieved (http://bestiary.ca/index.html).

Anon. n.d.-an. ‘Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologica’. Retrieved (http://www.newadvent.org/summa/).

Anon. n.d.-ao. ‘Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologica, Part 1’. Retrieved (http://www.newadvent.org/summa/1114.htm).

Ashley, B. n.d. ‘St. Albert and the Nature of Natural Science’. in Albertus Magnus and the sciences : commemorative essays, 1980 / edited by James A. Weisheipl.

Astill, Grenville G., and Annie Grant. 1988. The Countryside of Medieval England. Oxford: Blackwell.

Augustine and Walsh, P. G. 2010. De Civitate Dei: Books VI & VII. Vol. Aris&Phillips classical texts. [Warminster]: Aris & Phillips.

Bailey, M. D. 2006. ‘The Disenchantment of Magic: Spells, Charms, and Superstition in Early European Witchcraft Literature’. The American Historical Review 111(2):383–404. doi: 10.1086/ahr.111.2.383.

Bailey, Michael D., and Edward Peters. 2003. ‘A Sabbat of  Demonologists: Basel, 1431-1440’. The Historian 65(6):1375–96. doi: 10.1111/j.0018-2370.2003.00057.x.

Bailey, Michael David. 2002. ‘The Feminization of Magic and the Emerging Idea of the Female Witch in the Late Middle Ages’. Essays in Medieval Studies 19(1):120–34. doi: 10.1353/ems.2003.0002.

Bailey, Michael David. 2003. Battling Demons: Witchcraft, Heresy, and Reform in the Late Middle Ages. Vol. Magic in history. University Park, Pa: Pennsylvania State University Press.

Bailey, Michael David. 2003. Battling Demons: Witchcraft, Heresy, and Reform in the Late Middle Ages. Vol. Magic in history. University Park, Pa: Pennsylvania State University Press.

Barbara Newman. 1998. ‘Possessed by the Spirit: Devout Women, Demoniacs, and the Apostolic Life in the Thirteenth Century’. Speculum 73(3):733–70.

Barber, Richard and Bodleian Library. 1993. Bestiary: Being an English Version of the Bodleian Library, Oxford, M.S. Bodley 764 with All the Original Miniatures Reproduced in Facsimile. Woodbridge: Boydell Press.

Bartlett, Robert. 1982. Gerald of Wales: 1145-1223. Vol. Oxford historical monographs. Oxford: Clarendon.

Bartlett, Robert. 2008a. The Natural and the Supernatural in the Middle Ages: The Wiles Lecture given at the Queen’s University of Belfast, 2006. Vol. The Wiles lectures. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Bartlett, Robert. 2008b. The Natural and the Supernatural in the Middle Ages: The Wiles Lecture given at the Queen’s University of Belfast, 2006. Vol. The Wiles lectures. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Bartlett, Robert. 2008c. The Natural and the Supernatural in the Middle Ages: The Wiles Lecture given at the Queen’s University of Belfast, 2006. Vol. The Wiles lectures. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Bartra, Roger and Berrisford, Carl T. 1994. Wild Men in the Looking Glass: The Mythic Origins of European Otherness. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.

Baxter, Ron. 1998. Bestiaries and Their Users in the Middle Ages. Stroud: Sutton [in association with the] Courtauld Institute.

Behringer, Wolfgang. 1997. Witchcraft Persecutions in Bavaria: Popular Magic, Religious Zealotry and Reason of State in Early Modern Europe. Vol. Past and present publications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Bernheimer, Richard. 1952. Wild Men in the Middle Ages: A Study in Art, Sentiment and Demonology. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.

Biddick, Kathleen. n.d. The Other Economy: Pastoral Husbandry on a Medieval Estate. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Bildhauer, Bettina, and Robert Mills. 2003. The Monstrous Middle Ages. Cardiff: University of Wales Press.

Bildhauer, Bettina and Mills, Robert. 2003. The Monstrous Middle Ages. Cardiff: University of Wales Press.

Bishop of Hippo, St. Augustine, and William McAllen Green. 1972. The City of God against the Pagans: Vol.7: Books 21-22. Vol. The Loeb classical library. London: Heinemann.

Boehrer, Bruce Thomas. 2007. A Cultural History of Animals in the Renaissance. Vol. A cultural history of animals. Oxford: Berg.

Borst, A. 1991. ‘The Origins of the Witch-Craze in the Alps’. in Medieval worlds: barbarians, heretics and artists in the middle ages. Cambridge: Polity.

Boudet, Jean-Patrice. 2006a. Entre Science et Nigromance: Astrologie, Divination et Magie Dans l’occident Médiéval (XIIe-XVe Siècle). Vol. Histoire ancienne e médiévale. Paris: Publications de la Sorbonne.

Boudet, Jean-Patrice. 2006b. Entre Science et Nigromance: Astrologie, Divination et Magie Dans l’occident Médiéval (XIIe-XVe Siècle). Vol. Histoire ancienne e médiévale. Paris: Publications de la Sorbonne.

Boureau, A. 2006. ‘The Liberation of Demons: The Birth of Scholastic Demonology’. in Satan the heretic: the birth of demonology in medieval west. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Boureau, Alain. 2006. Satan the Heretic: The Birth of Demonology in Medieval West. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Boureau, Alain. 2006a. Satan the Heretic: The Birth of Demonology in Medieval West. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Boureau, Alain. 2006b. Satan the Heretic: The Birth of Demonology in Medieval West. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Bovey, Alixe and British Library. n.d. Monsters and Grotesques in Medieval Manuscripts. London]: British Library.

Brandt, W. J. n.d. ‘The Medieval View of Nature’. in The shape of medieval history : studies in modes of perception / by William J. Brandt.

Brandt, William J. 1966. The Shape of Medieval History: Studies in Modes of Perception. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Breuer, Heidi. 2009. Crafting the Witch: Gendering Magic in Medieval and Early Modern England. Vol. Studies in medieval history and culture. New York: Routledge.

Broedel, Hans Peter. 2003. The ‘Malleus Maleficarum’ and the Construction of Witchcraft: Theology and Popular Belief. Vol. Studies in early modern European history. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Bryant, Nigel. 2011a. Perceforest: The Prehistory of King Arthur’s Britain. Vol. Arthurian studies. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.

Bryant, Nigel. 2011b. Perceforest: The Prehistory of King Arthur’s Britain. Vol. Arthurian studies. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.

Budiansky, Stephen. 1994. The Covenant of the Wild: Why Animals Chose Domestication. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.

Buellens, P. n.d. ‘Like a Book Written by God’s Finger. Animals Showing the Path toward God’. Pp. 127–51 in A cultural history of animals in the medieval age / edited by Brigitte Resl.

Burgess, Glyn S. and Marie. 1987. The Lais of Marie de France: Text and Context. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Burghartz, S. 1988. ‘The Equation of Women and Witches: A Case Study of Witchcraft Trials in Lucerne and Lausanne in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries’. in The German underworld: deviants and outcasts in German history. London: Routledge.

Bynum, Caroline Walker. 2001a. Metamorphosis and Identity. New York: Zone Books.

Bynum, Caroline Walker. 2001b. Metamorphosis and Identity. New York: Zone Books.

Caciola, Nancy. 2003. Discerning Spirits: Divine and Demonic Possession in the Middle Ages. Vol. Conjunctions of religion&power in the medieval past. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.

Caciola, Nancy. 2017. Discerning Spirits. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

Camille, M. 1998. ‘Obscenity under Erasure. Censorship in Medieval Illuminated Manuscripts’. in Obscenity: social control and artistic creation in the European Middle Ages. Vol. Cultures, beliefs and traditions. Leiden: Brill.

Camille, Michael. 1989. The Gothic Idol: Ideology and Image-Making in Medieval Art. Vol. Cambridge new art history and criticism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Camille, Michael. 1992. Image on the Edge: The Margins of Medieval Art. Vol. Essays in art and culture. London: Reaktion Books.

CAMPBELL, BRUCE M. S. 2010. ‘Nature as Historical Protagonist: Environment and Society in Pre-Industrial England’. The Economic History Review 63(2):281–314. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-0289.2009.00492.x.

Caro Baroja, J. 1990. ‘Witchcraft and Catholic Theology’. in Early modern European witchcraft: centres and peripheries. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Caroline Walker Bynum. 1997. ‘Wonder’. The American Historical Review 102(1):1–26.

Caroline Walker Bynum. 1998. ‘Metamorphosis, or Gerald and the Werewolf’. Speculum 73(4):987–1013.

Chen, Fanfan and Honegger, Thomas. 2009. Good Dragons Are Rare: An Inquiry into Literary Dragons East and West. Vol. Alph: Arbeiten zur literarischen Phantastik. Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang.

Chenu, M. D. 1979. ‘Nature and Man’. Pp. 1–48 in Nature, man, and society in the twelfth century: essays on new theological perspectives in the Latin West. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Chenu, Marie-Dominique, L. Jerome Taylor, and Lester K. Little. 1979a. Nature, Man, and Society in the Twelfth Century: Essays on New Theological Perspectives in the Latin West. Phoenix ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Chenu, Marie-Dominique, L. Jerome Taylor, and Lester K. Little. 1979b. Nature, Man, and Society in the Twelfth Century: Essays on New Theological Perspectives in the Latin West. Phoenix ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Cherry, John F. 1995. Mythical Beasts. London: Published for the trustees of the British Museum by British Museum Press.

Clark, Willene B. 2006a. A Medieval Book of Beasts: The Second-Family Bestiary ; Commentary, Art, Text and Translation. Woodbridge: Boydell.

Clark, Willene B. 2006b. A Medieval Book of Beasts: The Second-Family Bestiary ; Commentary, Art, Text and Translation. Woodbridge: Boydell.

Clark, Willene B. and MacMunn, Meradith T. 1989. Beasts and Birds of the Middle Ages: The Bestiary and Its Legacy. Vol. Middle Ages series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Clutton-Brock, Juliet and British Museum (Natural History). 1981. Domesticated Animals from Early Times. London: Heinemann.

Cohen, E. n.d. ‘Animals in Medieval Perceptions. The Image of the Ubiquitous Other’. in Animals and human society : changing perspectives / edited by Aubrey Manning and James Serpell.

Cohen, J. J. n.d. ‘Inventing with Animals in the Middle Ages’. Pp. 39–62 in Engaging with nature : essays on the natural world in medieval and early modern Europe / Barbara A. Hanawalt and Lisa J. Kiser, editors.

Cohen, Simona. 2008. ‘Animals as Disguised Symbols in Renaissance Art’.

Cohn, Norman. 1993a. Europe’s Inner Demons: The Demonization of Christians in Medieval Christendom. Rev. ed. London: Pimlico.

Cohn, Norman. 1993b. Europe’s Inner Demons: The Demonization of Christians in Medieval Christendom. Rev. ed. London: Pimlico.

Cohn, Norman. 1993c. Europe’s Inner Demons: The Demonization of Christians in Medieval Christendom. Rev. ed. London: Pimlico.

Colwell, T. 2003. ‘Mélusine: Ideal Mother or Inimitable Monster?’’. in Love, marriage, and family ties in the later Middle Ages. Vol. International medieval research. Turnhout: Brepols.

Congrès international de philosophie médiévale. 1966. La Filosofia Della Natura Nel Medioevo. Atti Del Terzo Congresso Internazionale Di Filosofia Medioevale, Passo Della Mendola (Trento), 31 Agosto-5 Settembre 1964. Milano: Società editrice Vita e pensiero.

Crane, S. 2007. How to Translate a Werewolf - The Medieval Translator 10.

Crane, Susan. 2013a. Animal Encounters: Contacts and Concepts in Medieval Britain. Vol. The Middle Ages series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Crane, Susan. 2013b. Animal Encounters: Contacts and Concepts in Medieval Britain. Vol. The Middle Ages series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Crane, Susan. 2013c. Animal Encounters: Contacts and Concepts in Medieval Britain. Vol. The Middle Ages series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Crane, Susan. 2013. Animal Encounters: Contacts and Concepts in Medieval Britain. Vol. The Middle Ages series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Cuffel, Alexandra. 2007. Gendering Disgust in Medieval Religious Polemic. Notre Dame, Ind: University of Notre Dame Press.

Cummins, John. 2001. The Hound and the Hawk: The Art of Medieval Hunting. London: Phoenix.

Daston, L. 2005. ‘Intelligences: Angelic, Animal, Human’. Pp. 37–58 in Thinking with animals: new perspectives on anthropomorphism. New York: Columbia University Press.

Daston, Lorraine, and Katharine Park. 1998a. Wonders and the Order of Nature, 1150-1750. New York: Zone Books.

Daston, Lorraine, and Katharine Park. 1998b. Wonders and the Order of Nature, 1150-1750. New York: Zone Books.

De Leemans, P., and M. Klemm. n.d. ‘Animals and Anthropology in Medieval Philosophy’. in A cultural history of animals in the medieval age / edited by Brigitte Resl.

Debra Hassig. 1995. Medieval Bestiaries. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Dendle, Peter. 2001a. Satan Unbound: The Devil in Old English Narrative Literature. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

Dendle, Peter. 2001b. Satan Unbound: The Devil in Old English Narrative Literature. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

Dendle, Peter, Richard Raiswell, and Victoria University (Toronto, Ont.). 2012a. The Devil in Society in Premodern Europe. Vol. Essays and studies. Toronto: Centre for Reformation and Renaissance Studies.

Dendle, Peter, Richard Raiswell, and Victoria University (Toronto, Ont.). 2012b. The Devil in Society in Premodern Europe. Vol. Essays and studies. Toronto: Centre for Reformation and Renaissance Studies.

Dendle, Peter, Richard Raiswell, and Victoria University (Toronto, Ont.). 2012c. The Devil in Society in Premodern Europe. Vol. Essays and studies. Toronto: Centre for Reformation and Renaissance Studies.

Dendle, Peter, Richard Raiswell, and Victoria University (Toronto, Ont.). 2012d. The Devil in Society in Premodern Europe. Vol. Essays and studies. Toronto: Centre for Reformation and Renaissance Studies.

Dendle, Peter, Richard Raiswell, and Victoria University (Toronto, Ont.). 2012e. The Devil in Society in Premodern Europe. Vol. Essays and studies. Toronto: Centre for Reformation and Renaissance Studies.

Dendle, Peter, Richard Raiswell, and Victoria University (Toronto, Ont.). 2012f. The Devil in Society in Premodern Europe. Vol. Essays and studies. Toronto: Centre for Reformation and Renaissance Studies.

Donahue Jr., C. n.d. ‘Animalia Ferae Naturae: Rome, Bologna, Leyden, Oxford and Queen’s County, N.Y.’ Pp. 39–64 in Studies in Roman law in memory of A. Arthur Schiller / edited by Roger S. Bagnall and William V. Harris.

Doob, Penelope Reed. 1974. Nebuchadnezzar’s Children: Conventions of Madness in Middle English Literature. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Dronke, Peter, ed. 1988a. A History of Twelfth-Century Western Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Dronke, Peter, ed. 1988b. A History of Twelfth-Century Western Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Duni Matteo. 2007. ‘Bernadina Stadera and the Demon in the Glass Sphere  (1499)’. Pp. 80–83 in Under the Devil’s Spell: Witches, Sorcerers, and the Inquisition in Renaissance Italy. Florence. Italy: Syracuse University, Florence.

Duni, Matteo. 2007a. Under the Devil’s Spell: Witches, Sorcerers, and the Inquisition in Renaissance Italy. Vol. The Villa Rossa series. Florence, Italy: Syracuse University in Florence.

Duni, Matteo. 2007b. Under the Devil’s Spell: Witches, Sorcerers, and the Inquisition in Renaissance Italy. Vol. The Villa Rossa series. Florence, Italy: Syracuse University in Florence.

Economou, George D. 1972. The Goddess Natura in Medieval Literature. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.

Edgar C. Knowlton. 1920. ‘The Goddess Nature in Early Periods’. The Journal of English and Germanic Philology 19(2):224–53.

Edward Peters. n.d. ‘The Literature of Demonology and Witchcraft’. Retrieved (http://digital.library.cornell.edu/w/witch/resources.html).

Elliott, D. 1999. ‘On Angelic Disembodiment and the Incredible Purity of Demons’. in Fallen bodies: pollution, sexuality, and demonology in the Middle Ages. Vol. The Middle Ages series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Elliott, Dyan. 1999. Fallen Bodies: Pollution, Sexuality, and Demonology in the Middle Ages. Vol. The Middle Ages series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Elliott, Dyan. 1999. Fallen Bodies: Pollution, Sexuality, and Demonology in the Middle Ages. Vol. The Middle Ages series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Engstrom, Alfred G. 1972. ‘The Monster in Medieval Literature’. Pp. 53–62 in Studies in honor of Alfred G. Engstrom. Vol. University of North Carolina. Studies in the Romance languages and literatures, edited by R. T. Cargo and E. J. Mickel. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.

Epstein, Steven. 2012. The Medieval Discovery of Nature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Evans, G. R. 1983. Alan of Lille: The Frontiers of Theology in the Later Twelfth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

F. J. E. Raby. 1968. ‘Nuda Natura and Twelfth-Century Cosmology’. Speculum 43(1):72–77.

Figg, K. n.d. ‘Froissart’s “Debate of the Horse and the Greyhound”’. in Marvels, Monsters and Miracles.

Flores, Nona C. 1996. Animals in the Middle Ages. Vol. Garland reference library of the humanities. New York: Garland.

Flores, Nona C. 1996. Animals in the Middle Ages. Vol. Garland reference library of the humanities. New York: Garland.

Fogleman, Andrew. 2009. ‘Finding a Middle Way: Late Medieval Naturalism and Visionary Experience’. Visual Resources 25(1–2):7–28. doi: 10.1080/01973760802674309.

Francis, and Marion Alphonse Habig. 1991. St. Francis of Assisi: Writings and Early Biographies: English Omnibus of the Sources for the Life of St. Francis. 4th rev. ed. Chicago: Franciscan Herald Press.

Francis and Habig, Marion Alphonse. 1991. St. Francis of Assisi: Writings and Early Biographies: English Omnibus of the Sources for the Life of St. Francis. 4th rev. ed. Chicago: Franciscan Herald Press.

Frank Klaassen. 2007. ‘Learning and Masculinity in Manuscripts of Ritual Magic of the Later Middle Ages and Renaissance’. The Sixteenth Century Journal 38(1):49–76.

Frederick, Wood, Casey A., and Fyfe, F. Marjorie. 1943a. The Art of Falconry: Being the De Arte Venandi Cum Avibus of Frederick II of Hohenstaufen. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press.

Frederick, Wood, Casey A., and Fyfe, F. Marjorie. 1943b. The Art of Falconry: Being the De Arte Venandi Cum Avibus of Frederick II of Hohenstaufen. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press.

Freedman, P. 1995. ‘The Return of the Grotesque in Medieval Historiography’. in Historia a debate: actas del Congreso Internacional ‘A Historia a Debate’ celebrado el 7-11 de Julio de 1993 en Santiago de Compostela. A Coruña, España: Historia a Debate.

Freedman, P. H. 2002. ‘The Representation of Peasants as Bestial and Human’. in The animal-human boundary: historical perspectives. Vol. Studies in comparative history. Rochester, N.Y.: University of Rochester Press.

Friedlander, Alan. 1996. Processus Bernardi Delitiosi: The Trial of Fr. Bernard Délicieux, 3 September - 8 December 1319. Vol. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. Philadelphia, Pa: American Philos. Soc.

Friedman, John Block. 1970. Orpheus in the Middle Ages. Cambridge [Mass.]: Harvard University Press.

Friedman, John Block. 1981. The Monstrous Races in Medieval Art and Thought. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.

Friedman, John Block. 2000. The Monstrous Races in Medieval Art and Thought. Vol. Medieval studies. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press.

G Austin. n.d. ‘Marvelous Peoples or Marvelous Races? Race and Anglo-Saxon Wonders of the East’. in Marvels, monsters, and miracles : studies in the medieval and early modern imaginations / edited by Timothy S. Jones and David A. Sprunger.

George, W. and B. Yapp. 1991. ‘The Naming of the Beasts’. Nature.

Gerhart B. Ladner. 1979. ‘Medieval and Modern Understanding of Symbolism: A Comparison’. Speculum 54(2):223–56.

Geruzzi, Salvatore. 2010. Uomini, Demoni, Santi e Animali Tra Medioevo Ed Età Moderna. Vol. Biblioteca / Accademia Sperelliana. Pisa: F. Serra.

Gervase, Banks, S. E., and Binns, J. W. 2002a. Otia Imperialia: Recreation for an Emperor. Vol. Oxford medieval texts. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Gervase, Banks, S. E., and Binns, J. W. 2002b. Otia Imperialia: Recreation for an Emperor. Vol. Oxford medieval texts. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Gilson, É. 1932. ‘Le Moyen Âge et La Nature’. Pp. 345–64 in L’Esprit de la philosophie médiévale. Paris: J. Vrin.

Giraldus. 1982. The History and Topography of Ireland. Vol. Penguin classics. Rev. ed. Harmondsworth: Penguin.

Givens, Jean A. 2005. Observation and Image-Making in Gothic Art. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Glacken, Clarence J. 1967. Traces on the Rhodian Shore: Nature and Culture in Western Thought from Ancient Times to the End of the Eighteenth Century. Vol. Campus. Berkeley, Calif: University of California Press.

Glacken, Clarence J. 1967. Traces on the Rhodian Shore: Nature and Culture in Western Thought from Ancient Times to the End of the Eighteenth Century. Vol. Campus. Berkeley, Calif: University of California Press.

Grant, E. n.d. ‘Medieval Natural Philosophy, Aristotelians and Aristotelianism’. in The foundations of modern science in the Middle Ages : their religious, institutional, and intellectual contexts / Edward Grant.

Grant, Edward. 2010. The Nature of Natural Philosophy in the Late Middle Ages. Vol. Studies in philosophy and the history of philosophy. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press.

Gravestock, P. 1999. ‘Did Imaginary Animals Exist?’ in The mark of the beast: the medieval bestiary in art, life, and literature. Vol. Garland reference library of the humanities. New York: Garland Pub.

Gravestock, P. n.d. ‘Did Imaginary Animals Exist?’ in The mark of the beast : the medieval bestiary in art, life, and literature / edited by Debra Hassig.

Greco, Gina L., and Christine M. Rose. 2012a. The Good Wife’s Guide (Le Ménagier de Paris): A Medieval Household Book. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

Greco, Gina L., and Christine M. Rose. 2012b. The Good Wife’s Guide (Le Ménagier de Paris): A Medieval Household Book. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

Gregg, Joan Young. 1997a. Devils, Women, and Jews: Reflections of the Other in Medieval Sermon Stories. Vol. SUNY series in medieval studies. Albany: State University of New York Press.

Gregg, Joan Young. 1997b. Devils, Women, and Jews: Reflections of the Other in Medieval Sermon Stories. Vol. SUNY series in medieval studies. Albany: State University of New York Press.

Guildentops, G. n.d. ‘The Sagacity of Bees. An Aristotelian Topos in Thirteenth-Century Philosophy’. Pp. 275–96 in Aristotle’s animals in the Middle Ages and Renaissance / edited by Carlos Steel, Guy Guldentops, Pieter Beullens.

Hamilton, Bernard. 1981. The Medieval Inquisition. Vol. Foundations of medieval history. London: Edward Arnold.

Hanawalt, Barbara. n.d. ‘Men’s Games, King’s Deer: Poaching in Medieval England’. in ’Of good and ill repute’ : gender and social control in medieval England / Barbara A. Hanawalt.

HANDS, RACHEL. 1971. ‘"The Names of All Manner Og Hawks, and to Whom They Belong”’. Notes and Queries 18(3):85–88. doi: 10.1093/nq/18-3-85.

HARLEY, D. 1990. ‘Historians as Demonologists: The Myth of the Midwife-Witch’. Social History of Medicine 3(1):1–26. doi: 10.1093/shm/3.1.1.

Hartmann, Sieglinde and International Medieval Congress. 2007a. Fauna and Flora in the Middle Ages: Studies of the Medieval Environment and Its Impact on the Human Mind : Papers Delivered at the International Medieval Congress, Leeds, in 2000, 2001 and 2002. Vol. Beihefte zur Mediaevistik. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.

Hartmann, Sieglinde and International Medieval Congress. 2007b. Fauna and Flora in the Middle Ages: Studies of the Medieval Environment and Its Impact on the Human Mind : Papers Delivered at the International Medieval Congress, Leeds, in 2000, 2001 and 2002. Vol. Beihefte zur Mediaevistik. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.

Harvey, M. 1973. ‘Papal Witchcraft: The Charges against Benedict XIII’. in Sanctity and secularity: the Church and the world: papers read at the eleventh summer meeting and twelfth winter meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society. Vol. Studies in church history. Oxford: Blackwell for the Ecclesiastical History Society.

Heisterbach, Caesarius of. 1929a. ‘Book V (Demons)’. Pp. 313–90 in Dialogue on Miracles. London: Routledge.

Heisterbach, Caesarius of. 1929b. ‘Book V (Demons)’. Pp. 313–90 in Dialogue on Miracles. London: Routledge.

Herlihy, D. J. 1980. ‘Attitudes toward the Environment in Medieval Society’. in Historical ecology: essays on environment and social change. Port Washington, N.Y.: Kennikat Press.

Hoffman, R. C. 2002. ‘Carp, Cods, Connections New Fisheries in the Medieval European Economy and Environment’. Pp. 3–55 in Animals in human histories: the mirror of nature and culture. Vol. Studies in comparative history. Rochester, N.Y.: University of Rochester Press.

Hoffman, R. C. 2008. ‘Homo et Natura, Homo in Natura’. in Engaging with nature: essays on the natural world in medieval and early modern Europe. Notre Dame, Ind: University of Notre Dame Press.

Holsinger, B. 2009. ‘Of Pigs and Parchment: Medieval Studies and the Coming of the Animal’. PMLA Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 122(2).

Honegger, Thomas. 1996. From Phoenix to Chauntecleer: Medieval English Animal Poetry. Vol. Schweizer anglistische Arbeiten. Tübingen: Francke Verlag.

Horden, P. 1992. ‘Disease, Dragons and Saints: The Management of Epidemics in the Dark Ages’. in Epidemics and ideas: essays on the historical perception of pestilence. Vol. Past and present publications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Houwen, L. A. J. R. 1997a. Animals and the Symbolic in Mediaeval Art and Literature. Vol. Mediaevalia Groningana. Groningen: Egbert Forsten.

Houwen, L. A. J. R. 1997b. Animals and the Symbolic in Mediaeval Art and Literature. Vol. Mediaevalia Groningana. Groningen: Egbert Forsten.

Howe, John, and Michael Wolfe. 2002. Inventing Medieval Landscapes: Senses of Place in Western Europe. Gainesville, Fla: University Press of Florida.

Hugh and Clark, Willene B. 1992. The Medieval Book of Birds: Hugh of Fouilloy’s Aviarium. Vol. Medieval and Renaissance texts and studies. Binghamton, NY: Medieval & Renaissance Texts & Studies.

Husband, Timothy, Gloria Gilmore-House, and Cloisters (Museum). 1980. The Wild Man: Medieval Myth and Symbolism. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Hyland, Ann. 1999. The Horse in the Middle Ages. Stroud: Sutton Publishing.

Ingold, Tim. 1988a. What Is an Animal? Vol. One world archaeology. London: Unwin Hyman.

Ingold, Tim. 1988b. What Is an Animal? Vol. One world archaeology. London: Unwin Hyman.

Janson, H. W. 1952. Apes and Ape Lore in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. Vol. Studies of the Warburg Institute. London: The Warburg Institute, University of London.

Jaritz, Gerhard. 2011. Angels, Devils: The Supernatural and Its Visual Representation. Vol. CEU Medievalia. 1st edition. Budapest: Central European University Department of Medieval Studies.

Jaritz, Gerhard and Choyke, Alice Mathea. 2005. Animal Diversities. Vol. Medium Aevum Quotidianum. Krems: Medium Aevum Quotidianum.

Jean Birrell. 1992a. ‘Deer and Deer Farming in Medieval England’. The Agricultural History Review 40(2):112–26.

Jean Birrell. 1992b. ‘Deer and Deer Farming in Medieval England’. The Agricultural History Review 40(2):112–26.

Jill Bradley. 2008. ‘You Shall Surely Not Die’. Leiden: Brill.

Joan Cadden. 1995. ‘Science and Rhetoric in the Middle Ages: The Natural Philosophy of William of Conches’. Journal of the History of Ideas 56(1):1–24.

John of Salisbury, and Joseph B. Pike. 1972. Frivolities of Courtiers and Footprints of Philosophers: Being a Translation of the First, Second, and Third Books and Selections from the Seventh and Eighth Books of the Polycraticus of John of Salisbury. New York: Octagon Books.

John Raymond Shinners 1954-. n.d. ‘Bernard of Gui on Sorcery (c.1323)’. Pp. 242–45 in Medieval popular religion, 1000-1500 : a reader / edited by John Shinners.

Jolly, Karen Louise, Raudvere, Catharina, and Peters, Edward. 2002a. Witchcraft and Magic in Europe: The Middle Ages. Vol. Athlone history of witchcraft and magic in Europe. London: Athlone.

Jolly, Karen Louise, Raudvere, Catharina, and Peters, Edward. 2002b. Witchcraft and Magic in Europe: The Middle Ages. Vol. Athlone history of witchcraft and magic in Europe. London: Athlone.

Jones, Richard. 2013. The Medieval Natural World. Vol. Seminar studies. Harlow: Pearson.

Jones, Timothy S., and David A. Sprunger. 2002. Marvels, Monsters, and Miracles: Studies in the Medieval and Early Modern Imaginations. Vol. Studies in medieval culture. Kalamazoo, Mich: Medieval Institute Publications.

Jones, William R. 1972. ‘Political Uses of Sorcery in Medieval Europe’. The Historian 34(4):670–87. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-6563.1972.tb00434.x.

Karen Jones and Michael Zell. 2005. ‘“The Divels Speciall Instruments”: Women and Witchcraft before the “Great Witch-Hunt”’. Social History 30(1):45–63.

Karras, Ruth Mazo, Kaye, Joel, and Matter, E. Ann. 2008. Law and the Illicit in Medieval Europe. Vol. The Middle Ages series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Katzenellenbogen, Adolf and Medieval Academy of America. 1989. Allegories of the Virtures [Sic] and Vices in Medieval Art: From Early Christian Times to the Thirteenth Century. Vol. Medieval Academy reprints for teaching. Toronto: University of Toronto Press in association with the Medieval Academy of America.

Kaye, Joel. 1998. Economy and Nature in the Fourteenth Century: Money, Market Exchange, and the Emergence of Scientific Thought. Vol. Cambridge studies in medieval life and thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Kelly, H. A. 1972. ‘The Metamorphosis of the Eden Serpent’. Viator 2(2):301–28.

Kelly, H. A. 2001a. ‘English Kings and the Fear of Sorcery, Medieval Studies 39’. in Inquisitions and other trial procedures in the Medieval West. Vol. Variorum collected studies series. Aldershot: Ashgate.

Kelly, H. A. 2001b. ‘The Case Against Edward IV’s Marriage and Offspring’. in Inquisitions and other trial procedures in the Medieval West. Vol. Variorum collected studies series. Aldershot: Ashgate.

Kieckhefer, R. 1994. ‘The Holy and the Unholy: Sainthood, Witchcraft, and Magic in Late Medieval Europe’. Journal of Medieval and Renaissance Studies 24(3):355–85.

Kieckhefer, R. 1998. ‘Avenging the Blood of Children: Anxiety over Child Victims and the Origins of the European Witch Trials’. in The devil, heresy, and witchcraft in the Middle Ages: essays in honor of Jeffrey B. Russell. Vol. Cultures, beliefs, and traditions. Leiden: Brill.

Kieckhefer, Richard. 1976a. European Witch Trials: Their Foundations in Popular and Learned Culture, 1300-1500. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Kieckhefer, Richard. 1976b. European Witch Trials: Their Foundations in Popular and Learned Culture, 1300-1500. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Kieckhefer, Richard. 1989. Magic in the Middle Ages. Vol. Cambridge medieval textbooks. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Kieckhefer, Richard. 1998. Forbidden Rites: A Necromancer’s Manual of the Fifteenth Century. Vol. Magic in history. University Park, Pa: Pennsylvania State University Press.

Kieckhefer, Richard. 1998a. Forbidden Rites: A Necromancer’s Manual of the Fifteenth Century. Vol. Magic in history. University Park, Pa: Pennsylvania State University Press.

Kieckhefer, Richard. 1998b. Forbidden Rites: A Necromancer’s Manual of the Fifteenth Century. Vol. Magic in history. University Park, Pa: Pennsylvania State University Press.

Kieckhefer, Richard. 2006. ‘Mythologies of Witchcraft in the Fifteenth Century’. Magic, Ritual, and Witchcraft 1(1):79–108. doi: 10.1353/mrw.0.0080.

Kim, S.M. n.d. ‘Man-Eating Monsters and Ants as Big as Dogs’. in Animals and the symbolic in mediaeval art and literature / edited by L.A.J.R. Houwen.

King, P. 2012. ‘Augustine and Anselm on Angelic Sin’. Pp. 261–82 in A companion to angels in medieval philosophy. Leiden: Brill.

Kiser, L. n.d. ‘Animals in Medieval Sports, Entertainments and Menageries (Ch 4)’. in A Cultural History of Animals.

Klaniczay, Gábor and Pócs, Éva. 2005. Communicating with the Spirits: Edited by Gábor Klaniczay and Éva Pócs ; in Collaboration with Eszter Csonka-Takács. Vol. Demons, spirits, witches. Budapest: Central European University Press.

Klingender, F. D., and John P. Harthan. 1971. Animals in Art and Thought: To the End of the Middle Ages. London: Routledge and K. Paul.

Klingender, F. D. and Harthan, John P. 1971. Animals in Art and Thought: To the End of the Middle Ages. London: Routledge and K. Paul.

Kordecki, L. 1997. ‘Losing the Monster and Recovering the Non-Human in Fable(d) Subjectivity’’. in Animals and the symbolic in mediaeval art and literature. Vol. Mediaevalia Groningana. Groningen: Egbert Forsten.

Kordecki, L. n.d. ‘Losing the Monster and Recovering the Non-Human in Fable(d) Subjectivity’. Pp. 1–23 in Animals and the symbolic in mediaeval art and literature / edited by L.A.J.R. Houwen.

Kors, Alan Charles, Edward Peters, and Alan Charles Kors. 2001. Witchcraft in Europe, 400-1700: A Documentary History. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Kors, Alan Charles, Peters, Edward, and Kors, Alan Charles. 2001. Witchcraft in Europe, 400-1700: A Documentary History. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Langdon, John. 1986. Horses, Oxen and Technological Innovation: The Use of Draught Animals in English Farming from 1066 to 1500. Vol. Past and present publications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Laszlovszky, József and Szabó, Péter. 2003a. People and Nature in Historical Perspective. Vol. CEU medievalia. Budapest: Central European University, Department of Medieval Studies & Archaeolingua.

Laszlovszky, József and Szabó, Péter. 2003b. People and Nature in Historical Perspective. Vol. CEU medievalia. Budapest: Central European University, Department of Medieval Studies & Archaeolingua.

Le Goff, J. 1980a. ‘Ecclesiastical Culture and Folklore in the Middle Ages: Saint Marcellinus of Paris and the Dragon’. in Time, work & culture in the Middle Ages. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Le Goff, J. 1980b. ‘Melusine: Mother and Pioneer’. in Time, work & culture in the Middle Ages. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Le Goff, Jacques. 1988. The Medieval Imagination. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Lea, Henry Charles, Arthur C. Howland, and George Lincoln Burr. 1957. Materials toward a History of Witchcraft. New York: T. Yoseloff.

Lea, Henry Charles, Howland, Arthur C., and Burr, George Lincoln. n.d. Materials toward a History of Witchcraft. New York: T. Yoseloff.

Leach, Elizabeth Eva. 2007. Sung Birds: Music, Nature, and Poetry in the Later Middle Ages. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

Ledrede, Richard de, L. S. Davidson, and John O. Ward. 1993a. The Sorcery Trial of Alice Kyteler: A Contemporary Account (1324) Together with Related Documents in English Translation with Introduction and Notes. Binghamton, N.Y.: Medieval & Renaissance Texts & Studies.

Ledrede, Richard de, L. S. Davidson, and John O. Ward. 1993b. The Sorcery Trial of Alice Kyteler: A Contemporary Account (1324) Together with Related Documents in English Translation with Introduction and Notes. Binghamton, N.Y.: Medieval & Renaissance Texts & Studies.

Lewis, C. S. 1964. The Discarded Image: An Introduction to Medieval and Renaissance Literature. Cambridge [Eng.]: University Press.

Linzey, Andrew, and Dorothy Yamamoto. 1998. Animals on the Agenda: Questions about Animals for Theology and Ethics. London: SCM.

Lipton, S. 1992. ‘Jews Heretics and the Sign of the Cat in The’. Word & Image 8(4):362–77. doi: 10.1080/02666286.1992.10435848.

Lipton, S. 2012. ‘Images and Objects as Sources for Medieval History’. in Understanding medieval primary sources: using historical sources to discover medieval Europe. Vol. Routledge guides to using historical sources. Abingdon: Routledge.

Livesey, Steven John. 2005. ‘Entries on Nature’. in Medieval science, technology and medicine: an encyclopedia. Vol. Encyclopedias of the Middle Ages. New York: Routledge.

Maddox, Donald and Sturm-Maddox, Sara. n.d. Melusine of Lusignan: Founding Fiction in Late Medieval France. Athens (Ga.): University of Georgia press.

Mâle, Emile. 1982. Religious Art from the Twelfth to the Eighteenth Century. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.

Mammoli, Domenico. 1972. The Record of the Trial and Condemnation of a Witch, Matteuccia Di Francesco, at Todi, 20 March 1428. Roma.

Mann, Jill. 2009a. From Aesop to Reynard: Beast Literature in Medieval Britain. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Mann, Jill. 2009b. From Aesop to Reynard: Beast Literature in Medieval Britain. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Marcelle Thiébaux. 1967. ‘The Mediaeval Chase’. Speculum 42(2):260–74.

Marco Polo. n.d.-a. Marco Polo, The Travels.

Marco Polo. n.d.-b. Marco Polo, The Travels.

Marie and Spiegel, Harriet. 1987a. Fables. Vol. Toronto medieval texts and translations. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

Marie and Spiegel, Harriet. 1987b. Fables. Vol. Toronto medieval texts and translations. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

Matteuccia. 1972. The Record of the Trial and Condemnation of a Witch, Matteuccia Di Francesco, at Todi, 20 March, 1428. Roma: s.n.

Maxwell-Stuart, P. G. 2005a. The Occult in Mediaeval Europe, 500-1500: A Documentary History. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Maxwell-Stuart, P. G. 2005b. The Occult in Mediaeval Europe, 500-1500: A Documentary History. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Maxwell-Stuart, P. G. 2011a. ‘Literature on Magic and Witches (ca. 1270-1475).’ in Witch beliefs and witch trials in the Middle Ages: documents and readings. London: Continuum.

Maxwell-Stuart, P. G. 2011b. ‘Trials of Witches and Other Workers of Magic - Conducted by Inquisitors (1245-1499)’. in Witch beliefs and witch trials in the Middle Ages: documents and readings. London: Continuum.

Maxwell-Stuart, P. G. 2011c. ‘Trials of Witches and Other Workers of Magic - Conducted by Secular Courts (1304-1496)’. in Witch beliefs and witch trials in the Middle Ages: documents and readings. London: Continuum.

Maxwell-Stuart, P. G. 2011d. Witch Beliefs and Witch Trials in the Middle Ages: Documents and Readings. London: Continuum.

McCulloch, Florence. 1962. Mediaeval Latin and French Bestiaries. Vol. University of North Carolina. Studies in the Romance languages and literatures. [Rev. ed.]. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.

Michael D. Bailey. 2001a. ‘From Sorcery to Witchcraft: Clerical Conceptions of Magic in the Later Middle Ages’. Speculum 76(4):960–90.

Michael D. Bailey. 2001b. ‘From Sorcery to Witchcraft: Clerical Conceptions of Magic in the Later Middle Ages’. Speculum 76(4):960–90.

Mitchell, Stephen A. 2011. Witchcraft and Magic in the Nordic Middle Ages. Vol. The Middle Ages series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Monter, E. William. 1976. Witchcraft in France and Switzerland: The Borderlands during the Reformation. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.

Mormando, Franco. 1999. The Preacher’s Demons: Bernardino of Siena and the Social Underworld of Early Renaissance Italy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Murdoch, J. E. n.d. ‘The Analytical Character of Late Medieval Learning: Natural Philosophy without Nature’. in Approaches to nature in the Middle Ages : papers of the Tenth Annual Conference of the Center for Medieval and Early Renaissance Studies / edited by Lawrence D. Roberts.

Murrary, A. 2008. ‘Demons as Psychological Abstractions’. Pp. 171–86 in Angels in medieval philosophical inquiry: their function and significance. Vol. Ashgate studies in medieval philosophy. Aldershot, England: Ashgate Pub. Ltd.

Murray, A. n.d. ‘Nature and Man in the Middle Ages’. in The concept of nature : the Herbert Spencer Lectures / edited by J. Torrance.

Murray, Alexander. 1976. ‘Medieval Origins of the Witch Hunt’. The Cambridge Quarterly VII(1):63–74. doi: 10.1093/camqtly/VII.1.63.

Neilson, W. A. n.d. ‘Gawain and the Green Knight (c.1375-1400)’.

Newman, Barbara. 2003. God and the Goddesses: Vision, Poetry, and Belief in the Middle Ages. Vol. The Middle Ages series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Oggins, Robin S. 2004. The Kings and Their Hawks: Falconry in Medieval England. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Ohly, Friedrich, Jaffe, Samuel P., and Northcott, Kenneth J. 2005. Sensus Spiritualis: Studies in Medieval Significs and the Philology of Culture. Chicago, [Ill.]: University of Chicago Press.

Orchard, A. 1995a. ‘The Wonders of the East’. Pp. 185–203 in Pride and prodigies: studies in the monsters of the Beowulf-manuscript. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer.

Orchard, A. 1995b. ‘The Wonders of the East’. Pp. 185–203 in Pride and prodigies: studies in the monsters of the Beowulf-manuscript. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer.

Orchard, Andy. 1995. Pride and Prodigies: Studies in the Monsters of the Beowulf-Manuscript. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer.

Ostorero, Martine. 2011. Le Diable Au Sabbat: Littérature Démonologique et Sorcelliere (1440-1460). Vol. Micrologus’ library. Firenze: SISMEL, Edizioni del Galluzzo.

Oswald, D. M. n.d. ‘The Indecent Bodies of the Wonders of the East’. in Monsters, gender, and sexuality in medieval English literature / Dana Oswald.

Ott, N. H. 1998. ‘Facts and Fiction: The Iconography of Demons in German Vernacular Manuscripts’. in Demons: mediators between this world and other: essays on demonic beings from the Middle Ages to the present. Vol. Beiträge zur Europäischen Ethnologie und Folklore. Reihe B, Tagungsberichte und Materialien. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.

Otten, Charlotte F. 1986. A Lycanthropy Reader: Werewolves in Western Culture. 1st ed. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press.

Otten, Willemien. 2004. From Paradise to Paradigm: A Study of Twelfth-Century Humanism. Vol. Brill’s studies in intellectual history. Leiden: Brill.

Owen, D. D. R. 1970. Arthurian Romance: Seven Essays. London: Scottish Academic Press.

Owen, D. D. R. 1994a. The Romance of Reynard the Fox. Vol. The world’s classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Owen, D. D. R. 1994b. The Romance of Reynard the Fox. Vol. The world’s classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

OWST, Gerald Robert. 1957. Sortilegium in English Homiletic Literature of the Fourteenth Century.

P. G. Maxwell-Stuart. n.d.-a. ‘Literature on Magic and Witches (ca. 1270-1475).’ Pp. 47–128 in Witch beliefs and witch trials in the Middle Ages : documents and readings / P.G. Maxwell-Stuart.

P. G. Maxwell-Stuart. n.d.-b. ‘Trials of Witches and Other Workers of Magic - Conducted by Inquisitors (1245-1499)’. Pp. 141–70 in Witch beliefs and witch trials in the Middle Ages : documents and readings / P.G. Maxwell-Stuart.

P. G. Maxwell-Stuart. n.d.-c. ‘Trials of Witches and Other Workers of Magic - Conducted by Secular Courts (1304-1496)’. Pp. 175–215 in Witch beliefs and witch trials in the Middle Ages : documents and readings / P.G. Maxwell-Stuart.

Pascua, E. n.d. ‘From Forest to Farm and Town: Domestic Animals from ca. 1000 to ca. 1450’. in A cultural history of animals in the medieval age / edited by Brigitte Resl.

Peters, Edward. 1978. The Magician, the Witch and the Law. Hassocks: Harvester Press.

Peters, Edward. 1978. The Magician, the Witch and the Law. Hassocks: Harvester Press.

Petzoldt, Ruth and Neubauer, Paul. 1998. Demons: Mediators between This World and Other: Essays on Demonic Beings from the Middle Ages to the Present. Vol. Beiträge zur Europäischen Ethnologie und Folklore. Reihe B, Tagungsberichte und Materialien. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.

Petzoldt, Ruth, and Paul Neubauer. 1998. Demons: Mediators between This World and the Other : Essays on Demonic Beings from the Middle Ages to the Present. Vol. Beiträge zur Europäischen Ethnologie und Folklore. Reihe B, Tagungsberichte und Materialien. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.

Pleij, Herman. 2004. Colors Demonic and Divine: Shades of Meaning in the Middle Ages and After. New York: Columbia University Press.

Pluskowski, A. 2004. ‘Narwhals or Unicorns? Exotic Animals as Material Culture in Medieval Europe’. European Journal of Archaeology 7(3):291–313. doi: 10.1177/1461957104056505.

Pluskowski, A. G. n.d. ‘Constructing Exotic Animals and Environments in Late Medieval Britain’. in The unorthodox imagination in late medieval Britain / edited by Sophie Page.

Pluskowski, A. G. n.d. ‘Wolves and Sheep in Medieval Semiotics, Iconology and Ecology’’. Pp. 9–22 in Animal diversities / edited by Gerhard Jaritz and Alice Choyke.

Pluskowski, Aleksander. 2006. Wolves and the Wilderness in the Middle Ages. Woodbridge: Boydell.

Pluskowski, Aleksander. 2006. Wolves and the Wilderness in the Middle Ages. Woodbridge: Boydell.

Pluskowski, Aleksander. 2007a. Breaking and Shaping Beastly Bodies: Animals as Material Culture in the Middle Ages. Oxford: Oxbow.

Pluskowski, Aleksander. 2007b. Breaking and Shaping Beastly Bodies: Animals as Material Culture in the Middle Ages. Oxford: Oxbow.

Pluskowski, Aleksander. 2007. ‘Communicating through Skin and Bone: Appropriating Animal Bodies in Medieval Western European Seigneurial Culture’. in Breaking and shaping beastly bodies : animals as material culture in the Middle Ages / edited by Aleksander Pluskowski.

Pohl-Resl, Brigitte. 2007. A Cultural History of Animals in the Medieval Age. Vol. A cultural history of animals. Oxford: Berg.

Powell, H. 2005. ‘Walking and Talking with Animals: The Role of Fauna in Anglo-Latin Saints’ Lives’’. in Animal diversities. Vol. Medium Aevum Quotidianum. Krems: Medium Aevum Quotidianum.

Raymond, Joad. 2011. Conversations with Angels: Essays towards a History of Spiritual Communication, 1100-1700. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Reames, Sherry L. n.d. The Legenda Aurea.

Richard C. Hoffmann. 1996. ‘Economic Development and Aquatic Ecosystems in Medieval Europe’. The American Historical Review 101(3):631–69.

Riches, Samantha. 2000. St. George: Hero, Martyr and Myth. Stroud: Sutton.

Rider, Catherine. 2006. Magic and Impotence in the Middle Ages. Oxford University Press.

Rowland, Beryl. 1973. Animals with Human Faces: A Guide to Animal Symbolism. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press.

Rubin, Miri. 2009a. ‘The Possession of Blessed Jordan of Saxony (1190-1237)’. in Medieval Christianity in practice. Vol. Princeton readings in religions. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.

Rubin, Miri. 2009b. ‘The Possession of Blessed Jordan of Saxony (1190-1237)’. in Medieval Christianity in practice. Vol. Princeton readings in religions. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.

Rudolf Wittkower. 1942. ‘Marvels of the East. A Study in the History of Monsters’. Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 5:159–97.

Rudolph, Conrad. 2006. A Companion to Medieval Art: Romanesque and Gothic in Northern Europe. Vol. Blackwell companions to art history. Malden, Mass: Blackwell.

Russell, Jeffrey Burton. 1984. Lucifer: The Devil in the Middle Ages. Vol. Cornell paperbacks. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

Russell, Jeffrey Burton. 1984. Lucifer: The Devil in the Middle Ages. Vol. Cornell paperbacks. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

Russell, Jeffrey Burton. 2012. ‘Martine Ostorero, Le Diable Au Sabbat: Littérature Démonologique et Sorcellerie (1440–1460)’. Speculum 87(02):590–92. doi: 10.1017/S0038713412001546.

Salisbury, J. 1996. ‘Human Animals of Medieval Fables’. in Animals in the Middle Ages. Vol. Garland reference library of the humanities. New York: Garland.

Salisbury, Joyce E. 1993. The Medieval World of Nature: A Book of Essays. Vol. Garland reference library of the humanities. New York: Garland.

Salisbury, Joyce E. 1994a. The Beast within: Animals in the Middle Ages. New York: Routledge.

Salisbury, Joyce E. 1994b. The Beast within: Animals in the Middle Ages. New York: Routledge.

Salisbury, Joyce E. 1994c. The Beast within: Animals in the Middle Ages. New York: Routledge.

Salisbury, Joyce E. 1994d. The Beast within: Animals in the Middle Ages. New York: Routledge.

Salisbury, Joyce E. 1994. The Beast within: Animals in the Middle Ages. New York: Routledge.

Salmón, F., and M. Cabré. 1998. ‘Fascinating Women: The Evil Eye in Medical Scholasticism’. in Medicine from the Black Death to the French disease. Aldershot, Hants: Ashgate Pub.

Salter, David. 2001. Holy and Noble Beasts: Encounters with Animals in Medieval Literature. Woodbridge, Suffolk: D.S. Brewer.

Salter, David. 2001. Holy and Noble Beasts: Encounters with Animals in Medieval Literature. Woodbridge, Suffolk: D.S. Brewer.

Sandler, L. 1981. ‘Reflections on the Construction of Hybrids in English Gothic Marginal Illustration’. in Art, the ape of nature: studies in honor of H. W. Janson. New York: H.N. Abrams.

Schlag, Wilhelm, Marcel Thomas, François Avril, and Gaston. 1998. The Hunting Book of Gaston Phébus: Manuscrit Français 616, Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale. Vol. Manuscripts in miniature. London: Harvey Miller.

Schmitt, J.-C. 2010. ‘Unorthodox Images?’ in The unorthodox imagination in late medieval Britain. Vol. UCL/Neale series on British history. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Schmitt, Jean Claude. 1983. The Holy Greyhound: Guinefort, Healer of Children since the Thirteenth Century. Vol. Cambridge studies in oral and literate culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Schmitt, Jean Claude. 1998. Ghosts in the Middle Ages: The Living and the Dead in Medieval Society. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Schouwink, W. 1978. ‘The Sow Salaura and Her Relatives in Medieval Literature and Art’’. Pp. 509–24 in Revue Marche Romane: fable et fabliau, Tome XXVIII.: Epopée animale. [Liège?]: Cahiers De L’a.r.u.lg.

Sconduto, Leslie A. 2004. Guillaume de Palerne: An English Translation of the 12th Century French Verse Romance. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland.

Scott D. Westrem. 1991. ‘Alexander, Biologist: Oriental Monstrosities in the Epistola Alexandri Ad Aristotelem’. Pp. 16–30 in Discovering new worlds: Essays on medieval exploration and imagination. New York: Garland.

Sears, Elizabeth, Thomas, Thelma K., and Forsyth, Ilene H. 2002. Reading Medieval Images: The Art Historian and the Object. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.

Shank, M. H. 2011a. ‘Natural Knowledge in the Latin Middle Ages’. in Wrestling with nature: from omens to science. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Shank, M. H. 2011b. ‘Natural Knowledge in the Latin Middle Ages’. in Wrestling with nature: from omens to science. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Shinners, John Raymond. 2007a. ‘Bernard of Gui on Sorcery (c.1323)’. in Medieval popular religion, 1000-1500: a reader. Vol. Readings in medieval civilizations and cultures. Peterborough, Ont: Broadview Press.

Shinners, John Raymond. 2007b. ‘German Encounters with Demons (1280s)’. in Medieval popular religion, 1000-1500: a reader. Vol. Readings in medieval civilizations and cultures. Peterborough, Ont: Broadview Press.

Shinners, John Raymond. 2007c. ‘German Encounters with Demons (1280s)’. in Medieval popular religion, 1000-1500: a reader. Vol. Readings in medieval civilizations and cultures. Peterborough, Ont: Broadview Press.

Shinners, John Raymond. 2007d. ‘The Inquisition of Arnold Cogal (1320)’. in Medieval popular religion, 1000-1500: a reader. Vol. Readings in medieval civilizations and cultures. Peterborough, Ont: Broadview Press.

Shinners, John Raymond. 2007. ‘The Inquisition of Arnold Cogal (from The Inquisition Register of Jacques Fournier, 1318-25)’. in Medieval popular religion, 1000-1500: a reader. Vol. Readings in medieval civilizations and cultures. Peterborough, Ont: Broadview Press.

Smets, A., and B. van den Abeele. 2007. ‘Medieval Hunting’. in A cultural history of animals in the medieval age. Vol. A cultural history of animals. Oxford: Berg.

Smith C. 1998. Dogs, Cats and Horses in the Scottish Medieval Town.

Sobel, P. G. n.d. ‘The Shadow of Reason: Explanations of Intelligent Animal Behaviour in the Thirteenth Century’. in The medieval world of nature : a book of essays / edited by Joyce E. Salisbury.

Sorabji, Richard. 1993a. Animal Minds and Human Morals: The Origins of the Western Debate. London: Duckworth.

Sorabji, Richard. 1993b. Animal Minds and Human Morals: The Origins of the Western Debate. London: Duckworth.

Sorrell, Roger D. 1988. St. Francis of Assisi and Nature: Tradition and Innovation in Western Christian Attitudes toward the Environment. New York: Oxford University Press.

Sperber, Dan. 1996. ‘Why Are Perfect Animals, Hybrids, and Monsters Food for Symbolic Thought?’ Method & Theory in the Study of Religion 8(2):143–69. doi: 10.1163/157006896X00170.

Sprunger, D. A. n.d. ‘Parodic Animal Physicians from the Margins of Medieval Manuscripts’. Pp. 867–84 in Animals in the Middle Ages / edited by Nona C. Flores.

Stannard, J. n.d. ‘Natural History’. in Science in the Middle Ages / edited by David C. Lindberg.

Steel, Carlos G., Guy Guldentops, and Pieter Beullens. 1999. Aristotle’s Animals in the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Vol. Mediaevalia Lovaniensia. Series 1, Studia. Leuven: Leuven University Press.

Steel, Carlos G., Guldentops, Guy, and Beullens, Pieter. 1999. Aristotle’s Animals in the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Vol. Mediaevalia Lovaniensia. Series 1, Studia. Leuven: Leuven University Press.

Steel, K. n.d. ‘Centaurs, Satyrs, and Cynocephali: Medieval Scholarly Teratology and the Question of the Human’. in The Ashgate research companion to monsters and the monstrous / edited by Asa Simon Mittman with Peter J. Dendle.

Steel, Karl. 2011. How to Make a Human: Animals and Violence in the Middle Ages. Vol. Interventions : new studies in medieval culture. Columbus: Ohio State University Press.

Steel, Karl. 2011. How to Make a Human: Animals and Violence in the Middle Ages. Vol. Interventions : new studies in medieval culture. Columbus: Ohio State University Press.

Stephens, Walter. 1998. ‘Witches Who Steal Penises: Impotence and Illusion in Malleus Maleficarum.’ Journal of Medieval & Early Modern Studies 28(3):495–529.

Stephens, Walter. 2003. Demon Lovers: Witchcraft, Sex, and the Crisis of Belief. Chicago, Ill. [u.a.]: Univ. of Chicago Press.

Stock, Brian. 2015. Myth and Science in the Twelfth Century: A Study of Bernard Silvester. Vol. 1310. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Stock, Lorraine Kochanske. 2005. The Medieval Wild Man. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Stokes, Laura. 2011. Demons of Urban Reform: Early European Witch Trials and Criminal Justice, 1430-1530. Vol. Palgrave historical studies in witchcraft and magic. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.

Stone, Brian. 1964a. Medieval English Verse. Harmondsworth: Penguin.

Stone, Brian. 1964b. Medieval English Verse. Harmondsworth: Penguin.

Stoyanov, Yuri. 2000. The Other God: Dualist Religions from Antiquity to the Cathar Heresy. New Haven: Yale Nota Bene.

Strickland, D. H. n.d. ‘Monstrosity and Race in the Late Middle Ages’’. in The Ashgate research companion to monsters and the monstrous / edited by Asa Simon Mittman with Peter J. Dendle.

Strickland, Debra Higgs. 1999. The Mark of the Beast: The Medieval Bestiary in Art, Life, and Literature. Vol. Garland reference library of the humanities. New York: Garland Pub.

Strickland, Debra Higgs. 1999. The Mark of the Beast: The Medieval Bestiary in Art, Life, and Literature. Vol. Garland reference library of the humanities. New York: Garland Pub.

Strickland, Debra Higgs. 2003. Saracens, Demons, & Jews: Making Monsters in Medieval Art. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.

Sykes, N. J. n.d. ‘The Impact of the Normans on Hunting Practices in England’. in Food in medieval England : diet and nutrition / edited by C.M. Woolgar, D. Serjeantson, and T. Waldron.

Tchalenko, John. 1990. ‘Earliest Wild-Man Sculptures in France’. Journal of Medieval History 16(3):217–34. doi: 10.1016/0304-4181(90)90003-J.

Thibodeau, T. M. 2010a. ‘Of the Pictures, Curtains, and Ornaments of the Church’. Pp. 32–48 in The Rationale divinorum officiorum of William Durand of Mende: a new translation of the prologue and book one. Vol. Records of western civilization. New York: Columbia University Press.

Thibodeau, T. M. 2010b. ‘Of the Pictures, Curtains, and Ornaments of the Church’. Pp. 32–48 in The Rationale divinorum officiorum of William Durand of Mende: a new translation of the prologue and book one. Vol. Records of western civilization. New York: Columbia University Press.

Thiébaux, Marcelle. 1974a. The Stag of Love: The Chase in Medieval Literature. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

Thiébaux, Marcelle. 1974b. The Stag of Love: The Chase in Medieval Literature. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

trans. D. Burr. n.d. ‘Bernard of Clairvaux, Apologia (1125)’. Retrieved (http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/bernard1.asp).

Varty, Kenneth. 1999. Reynard, Renart, Reinaert and Other Foxes in Medieval England: The Iconographic Evidence: A Study of the Illustrating of Fox Lore and Reynard the Fox Stories in England during the Middle Ages, Followed by a Brief Survey of Their Fortunes in Post-Medieval Times. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.

Veale, Elspeth M. and London Record Society. 2003. The English Fur Trade in the Later Middle Ages. Vol. London Record Society publications. 2nd ed. London: London Record Society.

Veenstra, Jan R. and Pignon, Laurens. 1998. Magic and Divination at the Courts of Burgundy and France: Text and Context of Laurens Pignon’s Contre Les Devineurs (1411). Vol. Brill’s studies in intellectual history. Leiden: Brill.

Voelke, W. M. 1987. ‘The Seven Deadly Sins’. in Monsters and demons in the ancient and mediaeval worlds: papers presented in honor of Edith Porada. Vol. Franklin Jasper Walls lectures. Mainz on Rhine: Philipp von Zabern.

Voisenet, Jacques, and Jacques Le Goff. 2000. Bêtes et Hommes Dans Le Monde Médiéval: Le Bestiaire Des Clercs Du Ve Au XIIe Siècle. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols.

W. A. Neilson. n.d. ‘Gawain and the Green Knight (c.1375-1400)’.

Waddell, Helen and Gibbings, Robert. 1934. Beasts and Saints. London: Constable.

Wales, Gerald of. 1982a. ‘Part II’. Pp. 69–76 in The history and topography of Ireland. Vol. Penguin classics. Harmondsworth: Penguin.

Wales, Gerald of. 1982b. ‘Part II’. Pp. 69–76 in The history and topography of Ireland. Vol. Penguin classics. Harmondsworth: Penguin.

Walker-Meikle, Kathleen. 2012. Medieval Pets. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press.

Watkins, C. S. 2007. History and the Supernatural in Medieval England. Vol. Cambridge studies in medieval life and thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Watkins, C. S. 2007. History and the Supernatural in Medieval England. Vol. Cambridge studies in medieval life and thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Weisheipl, J. A. n.d. ‘Aristotle’s Concept of Nature: Avicenna and Aquinas’. Pp. 137–60 in Approaches to nature in the Middle Ages : papers of the Tenth Annual Conference of the Center for Medieval and Early Renaissance Studies / edited by Lawrence D. Roberts.

Weisheipl, James A. and Carroll, William E. 1997. Nature and Motion in the Middle Ages. Vol. Studies in philosophy and the history of philosophy. Ann Arbor: UMI.

Wetherbee, Winthrop and Bernard Silvestris. 1990a. The Cosmographia of Bernardus Silvestris. Vol. Records of Western civilization. New York: Columbia University Press.

Wetherbee, Winthrop and Bernard Silvestris. 1990b. The Cosmographia of Bernardus Silvestris. Vol. Records of Western civilization. New York: Columbia University Press.

Wetherbee, Winthrop, and Winthrop Wetherbee. 2015. Platonism and Poetry in the Twelfth Century: The Literary Influence of the School of Chartres. Vol. 1827. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

White, H. 1972. ‘The Forms of Wildness: Archaeology of an Idea’. in The wild man within: an image in western thought from the Renaissance to Romanticism. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.

WILLIAM CHESTER JORDAN. n.d. ‘Count Robert’s "Pet” Wolf’, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society’.

William F. Woods. 2002. ‘Nature and the Inner Man in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”’. The Chaucer Review 36(3):209–27.

William J. Travis. 2002. ‘Of Sirens and Onocentaurs: A Romanesque Apocalypse at Montceaux-l’Etoile’. Artibus et Historiae 23(45):29–62.

Willis, Roy. 1993. Signifying Animals: Human Meaning in the Natural World. Vol. One World Archaeology. New ed. London: Routledge.

Wittkower, R. 1987. ‘Marco Polo and the Pictorial Tradition of the Marvels of the East’. Pp. 76–92 in Allegory and the migration of symbols. Vol. The collected essays of Rudolf Wittkower. London: Thames and Hudson.

Wolfgang S. Seiferth. 1952. ‘The Concept of the Devil and the Myth of the Pact in Literature Prior to Goethe’. Monatshefte 44(6):271–89.

Woolgar, C. M., D. Serjeantson, and T. Waldron. 2006. Food in Medieval England: Diet and Nutrition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Yamamoto, Dorothy. 2000a. The Boundaries of the Human in Medieval English Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Yamamoto, Dorothy. 2000b. The Boundaries of the Human in Medieval English Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Yamamoto, Dorothy. 2000c. The Boundaries of the Human in Medieval English Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Yamamoto, Dorothy. 2000d. The Boundaries of the Human in Medieval English Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Yamamoto, Dorothy. 2000. The Boundaries of the Human in Medieval English Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Ziolkowski, Jan M. 1993a. Talking Animals: Medieval Latin Beast Poetry, 750-1150. Vol. Middle Ages series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Ziolkowski, Jan M. 1993b. Talking Animals: Medieval Latin Beast Poetry, 750-1150. Vol. Middle Ages series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.