@article{Anthony E. Kaye_2007, title={Neighborhoods and Nat Turner: The Making of a Slave Rebel and the Unmaking of a Slave Rebellion}, volume={27}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/30043545?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={4}, journal={Journal of the Early Republic}, publisher={University of Pennsylvania PressSociety for Historians of the Early American RepublicSociety for Historians of the Early American Republic}, author={Anthony E. Kaye}, year={2007}, pages={705–720} }
@book{Arnesen, Eric._1991, title={Waterfront workers of New Orleans: race, class, and politics, 1863-1923}, url={http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=acls;idno=heb00340.0001.001}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Arnesen, Eric.}, year={1991} }
@book{Bald_2013, address={Cambridge, Massachusetts}, title={Bengali Harlem and the lost histories of South Asian America}, publisher={Harvard University Press}, author={Bald, Vivek}, year={2013} }
@book{Ball_1837, title={Slavery in the United States: A Narratives of the Life and Adventures of Charles Ball, a Black Man}, url={http://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/ballslavery/ball.html}, author={Ball, Charles}, year={1837} }
@article{Baptist_2001, title={‘Cuffy,’ ‘Fancy Maids,’ and ‘One-Eyed Men’: Rape, Commodification, and the Domestic Slave Trade in the United States}, volume={106}, DOI={10.2307/2692741}, number={5}, journal={The American Historical Review}, author={Baptist, Edward E.}, year={2001}, month={Dec} }
@article{Barbara Jeanne Fields_1990, title={Slavery, Race and Ideology in the United States of America}, volume={181}, url={https://newleftreview.org/I/181/barbara-jeanne-fields-slavery-race-and-ideology-in-the-united-states-of-america}, journal={New Left Review}, author={Barbara Jeanne Fields}, year={1990} }
@inbook{Barkley Brown_Kimball_1996, address={Thousand Oaks}, title={Mapping the Terrain of Black Richmond}, booktitle={The new African American urban history}, publisher={SAGE Publications}, author={Barkley Brown, Elsa and Kimball, Gregg D.}, editor={Goings, Kenneth W. and Mohl, Raymond A.}, year={1996}, pages={66–115} }
@book{Berry_2017, address={Boston}, title={The price for their pound of flesh: the value of the enslaved from womb to grave in the building of a nation}, publisher={Beacon Press}, author={Berry, Daina Ramey}, year={2017} }
@book{Blair_2010, address={Chicago}, title={I’ve got to make my livin’: black women’s sex work in turn-of-the-century Chicago}, volume={Historical studies of urban America}, publisher={The University of Chicago Press}, author={Blair, Cynthia M.}, year={2010} }
@book{Blassingame_1973, address={Chicago}, title={Black New Orleans, 1860-1880}, publisher={University of Chicago Press}, author={Blassingame, John W.}, year={1973} }
@article{Brent Hayes Edwards_2001, title={The Uses of Diaspora}, volume={19}, url={https://muse.jhu.edu/article/31891}, number={1}, journal={Social Text}, publisher={Duke University Press}, author={Brent Hayes Edwards}, year={2001}, pages={45–73} }
@article{Brown_1994, title={Negotiating and Transforming the Public Sphere: African American Political Life in the Transition from Slavery to Freedom}, volume={7}, DOI={10.1215/08992363-7-1-107}, number={1}, journal={Public Culture}, author={Brown, E. B.}, year={1994}, month={Oct}, pages={107–146} }
@article{Bruce Boyd Raeburn_2015, title={The Storyville Exodus Revisited, or Why Louis Armstrong Didn’t Leave in November 1917, Like the Movie Said He Did}, volume={52}, url={https://muse.jhu.edu/article/578332}, number={2}, journal={The Southern Quarterly}, publisher={College of Arts and Letters, University of Southern Mississippi}, author={Bruce Boyd Raeburn}, year={2015}, pages={10–33} }
@article{Camp_2002, title={The Pleasures of Resistance: Enslaved Women and Body Politics in the Plantation South, 1830-1861}, volume={68}, DOI={10.2307/3070158}, number={3}, journal={The Journal of Southern History}, author={Camp, Stephanie M. H.}, year={2002}, month={Aug} }
@book{Campbell_2006, address={New York}, title={Middle passages: African American journeys to Africa, 1787-2005}, volume={The Penguin history of American life}, publisher={The Penguin Press}, author={Campbell, James T.}, year={2006} }
@book{Chatelain_2015, title={South Side Girls}, url={http://read.dukeupress.edu/lookup/doi/10.1215/9780822375708}, DOI={10.1215/9780822375708}, publisher={Duke University Press}, author={Chatelain, Marcia}, year={2015}, month={Feb} }
@article{Daina Ramey Berry_2007, title={‘In Pressing Need of Cash’: Gender, Skill, and Family Persistence in the Domestic Slave Trade}, volume={92}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/20064152?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={1}, journal={The Journal of African American History}, publisher={Association for the Study of African American Life and HistoryAssociation for the Study of African American Life and History}, author={Daina Ramey Berry}, year={2007}, pages={22–36} }
@article{Darlene Clark Hine_1989, title={Rape and the Inner Lives of Black Women in the Middle West}, volume={14}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/3174692?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={4}, journal={Signs}, publisher={The University of Chicago PressThe University of Chicago Press}, author={Darlene Clark Hine}, year={1989}, pages={912–920} }
@article{Deyle_1992, title={‘The Irony of Liberty: Origins of the Domestic Slave Trade’}, volume={12}, DOI={10.2307/3123975}, number={1}, journal={Journal of the Early Republic}, author={Deyle, Steven}, year={1992}, month={Spring} }
@book{Du Bois_1935, address={New York}, title={Black reconstruction: an essay toward a history of the part which black folk played in the attempt to reconstruct democracy in America, 1860-1880}, publisher={Russell and Russell}, author={Du Bois, W. E. B.}, year={1935} }
@book{Du Bois_Edwards_2007a, address={Oxford}, title={The souls of Black folk}, volume={Oxford world’s classics}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Du Bois, W. E. B. and Edwards, Brent Hayes}, year={2007} }
@book{Du Bois_Edwards_2007b, address={Oxford}, title={The souls of Black folk}, volume={Oxford world’s classics}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Du Bois, W. E. B. and Edwards, Brent Hayes}, year={2007} }
@inbook{Ferrer_2008, address={Charlottesville}, title={Talk About Haiti: The Archive and the Atlantic’s Haitian Revolution}, volume={New World studies}, booktitle={Tree of liberty: cultural legacies of the Haitian Revolution in the Atlantic world}, publisher={University of Virginia Press}, author={Ferrer, Ada}, year={2008}, pages={21–40} }
@article{Field_2015, title={No Such Thing as Stand Still?: Migration and Geopolitics in African American History}, volume={102}, DOI={10.1093/jahist/jav510}, number={3}, journal={Journal of American History}, author={Field, Kendra T.}, year={2015}, month={Dec}, pages={693–718} }
@article{Fuentes_2010, title={Power and Historical Figuring: Rachael Pringle Polgreen’s Troubled Archive}, volume={22}, DOI={10.1111/j.1468-0424.2010.01616.x}, number={3}, journal={Gender & History}, author={Fuentes, Marisa J.}, year={2010}, month={Nov}, pages={564–584} }
@book{Gilroy_1993, address={London}, title={The black Atlantic: modernity and double consciousness}, publisher={Verso}, author={Gilroy, Paul}, year={1993} }
@inbook{Gomez_1998, address={Chapel Hill}, title={Talking Half African: Middle Passage, Seasoning, and Language}, booktitle={Exchanging our country marks: the transformation of African identities in the colonial and antebellum South}, publisher={University of North Carolina Press}, author={Gomez, Michael}, year={1998}, pages={154–185} }
@book{Hahn, Steven, 1951-, title={A nation under our feet: black political struggles in the rural South from slavery to the great migration}, url={http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=acls;idno=heb03953.0001.001}, publisher={Harvard University Press}, author={Hahn, Steven, 1951-} }
@book{Hall_2007, address={Chapel Hill}, title={Slavery and African ethnicities in the Americas: restoring the links}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5149/9780807876862_hall}, publisher={University of North Carolina Press}, author={Hall, Gwendolyn Midlo}, year={2007} }
@inbook{Hall_1998, address={London}, title={Cultural Identity and Diaspora}, booktitle={Identity: community, culture, difference}, publisher={Lawrence & Wishart}, author={Hall, Stuart}, year={1998}, pages={222–237} }
@article{Hartman_2008, title={Venus in Two Acts}, volume={12}, DOI={10.1215/-12-2-1}, number={2}, journal={Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism}, author={Hartman, S.}, year={2008}, month={Jan}, pages={1–14} }
@book{Hartman_1997, address={New York}, title={Scenes of subjection: terror, slavery, and self-making in nineteenth-century America}, volume={Race and American culture}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Hartman, Saidiya V.}, year={1997} }
@article{Hazel V. Carby_1985, title={‘On the Threshold of Woman’s Era’: Lynching, Empire, and Sexuality in Black Feminist Theory}, volume={12}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/1343470?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={1}, journal={Critical Inquiry}, publisher={The University of Chicago PressThe University of Chicago Press}, author={Hazel V. Carby}, year={1985}, pages={262–277} }
@book{Hunter, Tera W._1997, title={To ’joy my freedom: southern Black women’s lives and labors after the Civil War}, url={http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=acls;idno=heb01712.0001.001}, publisher={Harvard University Press}, author={Hunter, Tera W.}, year={1997} }
@article{James R. Grossman_1985, title={Blowing the Trumpet: The ‘Chicago Defender’ and Black Migration during World War I}, volume={78}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/40191833?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={2}, journal={Illinois Historical Journal}, publisher={University of Illinois PressIllinois State Historical SocietyIllinois State Historical Society}, author={James R. Grossman}, year={1985}, pages={82–96} }
@article{Jennings_1990, title={‘Us Colored Women Had to Go Though A Plenty’: Sexual Exploitation of African-American Slave Women}, volume={1}, DOI={10.1353/jowh.2010.0050}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Women’s History}, author={Jennings, Thelma}, year={1990}, pages={45–74} }
@article{Kelley_1993, title={‘We Are Not What We Seem’: Rethinking Black Working-Class Opposition in the Jim Crow South}, volume={80}, DOI={10.2307/2079698}, number={1}, journal={The Journal of American History}, author={Kelley, Robin D. G.}, year={1993}, month={Jun} }
@article{Kelley_1999, title={‘But a Local Phase of a World Problem’: Black History’s Global Vision, 1883-1950}, volume={86}, DOI={10.2307/2568605}, number={3}, journal={The Journal of American History}, author={Kelley, Robin D. G.}, year={1999}, month={Dec} }
@book{Kendi_2017, address={New York}, title={Stamped from the Beginning: The Definitive History of Racist Ideas in America}, publisher={Nation Books}, author={Kendi, Ibram X.}, year={2017} }
@article{Kimberley L. Phillips_1996, title={‘But It Is a Fine Place to Make Money’: Migration and African-American Families in Cleveland, 1915-1929}, volume={30}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/3789386?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Social History}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Kimberley L. Phillips}, year={1996}, pages={393–413} }
@article{LaKisha Michelle Simmons_2009, title={‘Justice Mocked’: Violence and Accountability in New Orleans}, volume={61}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/27735004}, number={3}, journal={American Quarterly}, publisher={The Johns Hopkins University PressThe Johns Hopkins University Press}, author={LaKisha Michelle Simmons}, year={2009}, pages={477–498} }
@book{Long_2004, address={Baton Rouge}, title={The great Southern Babylon: sex, race, and respectability in New Orleans, 1865-1920}, publisher={Louisiana State University Press}, author={Long, Alecia P.}, year={2004} }
@inbook{Lovejoy_1997, title={The African Diaspora: Revisionist Interpretations of Ethnicity, Culture and Religion under Slavery}, volume={2}, url={http://www.yorku.ca/nhp/pubs}, booktitle={Studies in the World History of Slavery, Abolition and Emancipation}, author={Lovejoy, Paul}, year={1997}, pages={1–23} }
@article{Martha Hodes_1993, title={The Sexualization of Reconstruction Politics: White Women and Black Men in the South after the Civil War}, volume={3}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/3704014?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={3}, journal={Journal of the History of Sexuality}, publisher={University of Texas PressUniversity of Texas Press}, author={Martha Hodes}, year={1993}, pages={402–417} }
@article{Mary Niall Mitchell_2002, title={‘Rosebloom and Pure White,’ or so It Seemed}, volume={54}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/30042226?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={3}, journal={American Quarterly}, publisher={The Johns Hopkins University PressThe Johns Hopkins University Press}, author={Mary Niall Mitchell}, year={2002}, pages={369–410} }
@book{Mintz_Price_1992, address={Boston}, title={The birth of African-American culture: an anthropological perspective}, publisher={Beacon Press}, author={Mintz, Sidney Wilfred and Price, Richard}, year={1992} }
@article{Mitchell_1999, title={The Black Man’s Burden?: African Americans, Imperialism, and Notions of Racial Manhood 1890-1910}, volume={44}, DOI={10.1017/S0020859000115202}, number={S7}, journal={International Review of Social History}, author={Mitchell, Michele}, year={1999}, month={Dec}, pages={77–99} }
@book{Mitchell_2004, address={Chapel Hill}, title={Righteous propagation: African Americans and the politics of racial destiny after Reconstruction}, publisher={University of North Carolina Press}, author={Mitchell, Michele}, year={2004} }
@article{Moon-Ho Jung_2005, title={Outlawing ‘Coolies’: Race, Nation, and Empire in the Age of Emancipation}, volume={57}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/40068312}, number={3}, journal={American Quarterly}, publisher={The Johns Hopkins University PressThe Johns Hopkins University Press}, author={Moon-Ho Jung}, year={2005}, pages={677–701} }
@article{Morgan_1997, title={‘Some Could Suckle over Their Shoulder’: Male Travelers, Female Bodies, and the Gendering of Racial Ideology, 1500-1770}, volume={54}, DOI={10.2307/2953316}, number={1}, journal={The William and Mary Quarterly}, author={Morgan, Jennifer L.}, year={1997}, month={Jan} }
@book{Moses_1988, address={New York}, title={The golden age of black nationalism, 1820-1925}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Moses, Wilson Jeremiah}, year={1988} }
@book{Mullin_1994, address={Urbana}, title={Africa in America: slave acculturation and resistance in the American South and the British Caribbean, 1736-1831}, volume={Blacks in the New World}, publisher={University of Illinois Press}, author={Mullin, Michael}, year={1994} }
@article{Painter_1994, title={Representing Truth: Sojourner Truth’s Knowing and Becoming Known}, volume={81}, DOI={10.2307/2081168}, number={2}, journal={The Journal of American History}, author={Painter, Nell Irvin}, year={1994}, month={Sep} }
@article{Powell_1999, title={Reinventing tradition: Liberty place, historical memory, and silk?stocking vigilantism in New Orleans politics}, volume={20}, DOI={10.1080/01440399908575272}, number={1}, journal={Slavery & Abolition}, author={Powell, Lawrence N.}, year={1999}, month={Apr}, pages={127–149} }
@article{Saville_1999, title={Rites and power: Reflections on slavery, freedom and political ritual}, volume={20}, DOI={10.1080/01440399908575270}, number={1}, journal={Slavery & Abolition}, author={Saville, Julie}, year={1999}, month={Apr}, pages={81–102} }
@book{Schwalm_2009, address={Chapel Hill}, title={Emancipation’s diaspora: race and reconstruction in the upper Midwest}, volume={The John Hope Franklin series in African American history and culture}, publisher={The University of North Carolina Press}, author={Schwalm, Leslie A.}, year={2009} }
@phdthesis{SCOTT, JULIUS SHERRARD, III, title={The Common Wind: Currents of Afro-American Communication in the Age of the Haitian Revolution}, url={http://search.proquest.com/docview/303455819/fulltextPDF/F1AEE94C7AB144B1PQ/1?accountid=14511}, author={SCOTT, JULIUS SHERRARD, III} }
@article{Scott_2007, title={The Atlantic World and the Road to Plessy v. Ferguson}, volume={94}, DOI={10.2307/25095133}, number={3}, journal={Journal of American History}, author={Scott, R. J.}, year={2007}, month={Dec}, pages={726–733} }
@article{Scott_1994, title={Defining the Boundaries of Freedom in the World of Cane: Cuba, Brazil, and Louisiana after Emancipation}, volume={99}, DOI={10.2307/2166163}, number={1}, journal={The American Historical Review}, author={Scott, Rebecca J.}, year={1994}, month={Feb} }
@book{Shabazz_2015, address={Urbana}, title={Spatializing blackness: architectures of confinement and Black masculinity in Chicago}, volume={The new Black studies series}, publisher={University of Illinois Press}, author={Shabazz, Rashad}, year={2015} }
@book{Smallwood_2007, address={Cambridge, Mass}, title={Saltwater slavery: a middle passage from Africa to American diaspora}, publisher={Harvard University Press}, author={Smallwood, Stephanie E.}, year={2007} }
@article{Sowande’ Mustakeem_2008, title={‘I Never Have Such a Sickly Ship Before’: Diet, Disease, and Mortality in 18th-Century Atlantic Slaving Voyages}, volume={93}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/25610019?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={4}, journal={The Journal of African American History}, publisher={Association for the Study of African American Life and HistoryAssociation for the Study of African American Life and History}, author={Sowande’ Mustakeem}, year={2008}, pages={474–496} }
@inbook{Stanley_1998, address={Cambridge}, title={The Legend of Contract Freedom}, url={http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ref/id/CBO9780511583629}, DOI={10.1017/CBO9780511583629}, booktitle={From Bondage to Contract}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Stanley, Amy Dru}, year={1998} }
@article{Stephanie Smallwood_2004, title={Commodified Freedom: Interrogating the Limits of Anti-Slavery Ideology in the Early Republic}, volume={24}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/4141508?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={2}, journal={Journal of the Early Republic}, publisher={University of Pennsylvania PressSociety for Historians of the Early American RepublicSociety for Historians of the Early American Republic}, author={Stephanie Smallwood}, year={2004}, pages={289–298} }
@misc{Stewart, title={Religion and the Pure Principles of Morality}, url={http://cedrickmay.com/mstewart/?page_id=65}, author={Stewart, Maria W.} }
@article{Taylor_2000, title={‘Negro Women Are Great Thinkers as Well as Doers’: Amy Jacques-Garvey and Community Feminism, 1924-1927}, volume={12}, DOI={10.1353/jowh.2000.0047}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Women’s History}, author={Taylor, Ula Y.}, year={2000}, pages={104–126} }
@article{Terborg-Penn, Rosalyn, title={Women and Slavery in the African Diaspora: A Cross-Cultural Approach to Historical Analysis}, volume={3}, url={https://search.proquest.com/docview/1300133634?rfr_id=info%3Axri%2Fsid%3Aprimo}, number={2}, journal={Sage}, author={Terborg-Penn, Rosalyn} }
@article{THOMAS A. FOSTER_2011, title={The Sexual Abuse of Black Men under American Slavery}, volume={20}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/41305880?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={3}, journal={Journal of the History of Sexuality}, publisher={University of Texas PressUniversity of Texas Press}, author={THOMAS A. FOSTER}, year={2011}, pages={445–464} }
@book{Trouillot, Michel-Rolph._2015, title={Silencing the past: power and the production of history}, url={http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=acls;idno=heb04595.0001.001}, publisher={Beacon Press}, author={Trouillot, Michel-Rolph.}, year={2015} }
@article{VINCENT BROWN_2009, title={Social Death and Political Life in the Study of Slavery}, volume={114}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/23303423}, number={5}, journal={The American Historical Review}, publisher={Oxford University PressAmerican Historical AssociationOxford University Press}, author={VINCENT BROWN}, year={2009}, pages={1231–1249} }
@book{Walker, title={Walker’s Appeal, in Four Articles; Together with a Preamble, to the Coloured Citizens of the World, but in Particular, and Very Expressly, to Those of the United States of America, Written in Boston, State of Massachusetts, September 28, 1829.}, url={http://docsouth.unc.edu/nc/walker/walker.html}, author={Walker, David} }
@article{Walter Johnson_2003, title={On Agency}, volume={37}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/3790316?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Social History}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Walter Johnson}, year={2003}, pages={113–124} }
@book{Wells-Barnett_Wells-Barnett_Wells-Barnett_Wells-Barnett_1991, address={Salem, N.H.}, edition={Reprint ed}, title={On lynchings: Southern horrors, A red record, Mob rule in New Orleans}, publisher={Ayer}, author={Wells-Barnett, Ida B. and Wells-Barnett, Ida B. and Wells-Barnett, Ida B. and Wells-Barnett, Ida B.}, year={1991} }
@article{White_White_1995, title={Slave Hair and African American Culture in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries}, volume={61}, DOI={10.2307/2211360}, number={1}, journal={The Journal of Southern History}, author={White, Shane and White, Graham}, year={1995}, month={Feb} }
@book{Wolcott_2001, address={Chapel Hill}, title={Remaking respectability: African American women in interwar Detroit}, volume={Gender and American culture}, publisher={The University of North Carolina Press}, author={Wolcott, Victoria W.}, year={2001} }
@article{Young, Jason, title={We wear the mask: Kongo folk art and ritual in South Carolina}, volume={15}, url={https://search.proquest.com/docview/1704339124?rfr_id=info:xri/sid:primo}, number={3}, journal={African studies quarterly}, author={Young, Jason}, pages={11–18} }
