1.
Module Outline & Reading for TERM 1.
2.
Cornish, W. R., Llewelyn, David, Aplin, Tanya Frances. Intellectual Property: Patents, Copyright, Trade Marks and Allied Rights. 8th ed. Sweet & Maxwell; 2013.
3.
Bently, Lionel, Sherman, Brad. Intellectual Property Law. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press; 2009.
4.
Christie, Andrew, Gare, Stephen. Blackstone’s Statutes on Intellectual Property. Vol Blackstone’s statutes. 11th ed. Oxford University Press; 2012.
5.
Dowie-Whybrow M. Core Statutes on Intellectual Property. Vol Palgrave Macmillan core statutes. Fourth edition. Palgrave Macmillan; 2013.
6.
Jacob, Robin, Alexander, Daniel, Fisher, Matthew. Guidebook to Intellectual Property. 6th ed. Hart; 2013.
7.
Spence, Michael. Intellectual Property. Vol Clarendon law series. Oxford University Press; 2007.
8.
Waelde, Charlotte. Contemporary Intellectual Property: Law and Policy. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press; 2014.
9.
Bainbridge, David I. Intellectual Property. 9th ed. Pearson; 2012.
10.
Torremans, Paul, Holyoak, Jon. Holyoak and Torremans Intellectual Property Law. 7th ed. Oxford University Press; 2013.
11.
Terrell, Thomas, Thorley, Simon. Terrell on the Law of Patents. 16th ed. Sweet & Maxwell; 2006.
12.
Fysh, Michael, Roughton, Ashley, Johnson, Phillip, Cook, Trevor M. The Modern Law of Patents. 2nd ed. LexisNexis; 2010.
13.
Kitchin, David, Kerly, Duncan Mackenzie, Jacob, Robin. Kerly’s Law of Trade Marks and Trade Names. Vol Intellectual property library. 14th ed. Sweet & Maxwell; 2005.
14.
Morcom, Christopher. The Modern Law of Trade Marks. 2nd ed. LexisNexis Butterworths; 2005.
15.
Garnett, K. M., Davies, Gillian, Harbottle, Gwilym, Copinger, Walter Arthur, Skone James, E. P. Copinger and Skone James on Copyright. Vol Intellectual property library. 16th ed. Sweet & Maxwell; 2011.
16.
Laddie, Hugh. The Modern Law of Copyright and Designs. Butterworths; 2000.
17.
Cornish, W. R., Llewelyn, David, Aplin, Tanya Frances. Intellectual Property: Patents, Copyright, Trade Marks and Allied Rights. 8th ed. Sweet & Maxwell; 2013.
18.
Bently, Lionel, Sherman, Brad. Intellectual Property Law. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press; 2009.
19.
Jacob, Robin, Alexander, Daniel, Fisher, Matthew. Guidebook to Intellectual Property. 6th ed. Hart; 2013.
20.
Spence, Michael. Intellectual Property. Vol Clarendon law series. Oxford University Press; 2007.
21.
Cornish, W. R., Llewelyn, David, Aplin, Tanya Frances. Intellectual Property: Patents, Copyright, Trade Marks and Allied Rights. 8th ed. Sweet & Maxwell; 2013.
22.
Bently, Lionel, Sherman, Brad. Intellectual Property Law. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press; 2009.
23.
Richard Arnold. Confidence in exclusives: Douglas v Hello! in the House of Lords. European Intellectual Property Review. 2007;29(8):339-343. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I5257ADB12B5311DCA0A5F0FD76367280&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
24.
Tanya Aplin. The development of the action for breach of confidence in a post-HRA era. Intellectual Property Quarterly. 2007;19. http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I22D01BE0A82211DB895EE0FA6D085F91&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
25.
Gavin Phillipson. Transforming breach of confidence? Towards a common law right of privacy under the Human Rights Act. Modern Law Review. 2003;66(5):726-758. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IAB06B7B0E71311DA915EF37CAC72F838&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
26.
Rachael Mulheron. A potential framework for privacy? A reply to Hello! Modern Law Review. 2006;69(5):679-713. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I2211DAB03F8411DBBD6EEC2A69B1B2FF/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
27.
Alexandra Sims. ‘A shift in the centre of gravity’: the dangers of protecting privacy through breach of confidence. Intellectual Property Quarterly. 2005;1:27-51. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I84951700E45411DA92358E85EE602D8A&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
28.
N.A. Moreham. Privacy in the common law: a doctrinal and theoretical analysis. Law Quarterly Review. 2005;121(Oct):628-656. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ICC8D72D0E72111DA9D198AF4F85CA028&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
29.
Court: English court pre-dating November 1874. Albert (Prince) v Strange (1849) 18 LJ Ch 120, 1 H & Tw 1.; 1849. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXH-FDY0-TWW4-20YP&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
30.
Court: Court of Appeal. Seager v Copydex Ltd [1967] 2 All ER 415, [1967] 1 WLR 923.; 1967. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXH-FDF0-TWW4-204J&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
31.
Court: House of Lords. *Campbell v Mirror Group Newspapers Ltd [2004] UK HL 22, [2004] 2 AC 457.; 2004. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXM-JR30-TWW4-21G6&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
32.
Court: Chancery Division. *Coco v AN Clark (Engineers) Ltd [1968] FSR 415, [1969] RPC 41.; 1969. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXH-FDF0-TWW4-205K&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
33.
Court: Court of Appeal. Seager v Copydex Ltd [1967] 2 All ER 415, [1967] 1 WLR 923.; 1967. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXH-FDF0-TWW4-204J&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
34.
Court: Chancery Division. *Coco v AN Clark (Engineers) Ltd [1968] FSR 415, [1969] RPC 41.; 1969. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXH-FDF0-TWW4-205K&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
35.
AG v Guardian Newspapers [1990] AC 109.; 1990. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4JT8-8WR0-TXD8-61KW&csi=296986&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
36.
Queen’s Bench Division. Mosley v News Group Newspapers Ltd [2008] EMLR 20.(2008). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ID55150E05EC411DDAB7DC9767090C799&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
37.
Chancery Division. De Maudsley v Palumbo [1996] FSR 447.(1996). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I95BB52B0E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
38.
Court: English court pre-dating November 1874. Albert (Prince) v Strange (1849) 18 LJ Ch 120, 1 H & Tw 1.; 1849. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXH-FDY0-TWW4-20YP&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
39.
AG v Guardian Newspapers [1990] AC 109.; 1990. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4JT8-8WR0-TXD8-61KW&csi=296986&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
40.
Court: Chancery Division. *Coco v AN Clark (Engineers) Ltd [1968] FSR 415, [1969] RPC 41.; 1969. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXH-FDF0-TWW4-205K&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
41.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). *Faccenda Chicken Ltd v Fowler [1987] Ch 117.(1987). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IA52E8DC1E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
42.
AG v Guardian Newspapers [1990] AC 109.; 1990. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4JT8-8WR0-TXD8-61KW&csi=296986&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
43.
AG v Guardian Newspapers [1990] AC 109.; 1990. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4JT8-8WR0-TXD8-61KW&csi=296986&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
44.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Woodward v Hutchins [1977] 2 All ER 751; [1977] 1 WLR 760.(1977). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I09982950E42911DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
45.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Douglas v Hello! Ltd [2005] 4 All ER 128; [2005] 3 WLR 881.(2005). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I9A3764F0E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
46.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Lion Laboratories Ltd v Evans [1984] 2 All ER 417.; 1984. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?docguid=IE12C1131E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&crumb-action=reset
47.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Kaye v Robertson [1991] FSR 62.(1991). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ID1CFE090E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
48.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Douglas v Hello! Ltd (No.1) QB 967, [2001] 2 WLR 992.(2001). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I9A3457B1E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
49.
House of Lords. OBG Ltd v Allan [2008] 1 AC 1, HL.(2008). http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I35E233B0F92311DB9045877B5F5EF663&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
50.
House of Lords. Wainwright v Home Office (AC 406).(2003). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.westlaw.com/Document/IEF2EAFD0E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
51.
European Court of Human Rights. *Von Hannover v Germany (59320/00) (2004) 40 EHRR 1.; 2004. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.westlaw.com/Document/IE52AC120003611DBB3E7976425AFED86/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
52.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). HRH Prince of Wales v Associated Newspapers Ltd [2008] Ch 57, [2007] 3 WLR 222.(2008). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IA4EFF380924111DB8D3DDAA0606E23F1&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
53.
Court: House of Lords. *Campbell v Mirror Group Newspapers Ltd [2004] UK HL 22, [2004] 2 AC 457.; 2004. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXM-JR30-TWW4-21G6&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
54.
House of Lords. S (A Child) (Identification: Restrictions on Publication) [2005] 1 AC 593.(2005). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I915A7420E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
55.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). *Murray v Express Newspapers Plc [2009] Ch 481.; 2009. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.westlaw.com/Document/IF9C8BCC01CBA11DDB566FF76D66A7C56/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
56.
Queen’s Bench Division. *Spelman v Express Newspapers [2012] EWHC 355.; 2012. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I0CBAF4D06D9111E1945FEE25069F94B3&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
57.
European Court of Human Rights. *Von Hannover v Germany (59320/00) (2004) 40 EHRR 1.; 2004. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.westlaw.com/Document/IE52AC120003611DBB3E7976425AFED86/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
58.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Donald v Ntuli [2011] 1 WLR 294.; 2011. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.westlaw.com/Document/IF83A68B0F1E011DF8DDEF4C61C812980/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
59.
European Court of Human Rights (Grand Chamber). Axel Springer v Germany [2012] EMLR 15.(2012). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IC1FFA770881A11E1B306BD6814F5898C&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
60.
European Court of Human Rights (Grand Chamber). Von Hannover v Germany (No 2) [2012] EMLR 16.(2012). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I0F55C7C0881B11E1B306BD6814F5898C&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
61.
Queen’s Bench Division. *Mosley v News Group Newspapers Ltd [2008] EWHC 1777 (QB), [2008] EMLR 20.(2008). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ID55150E05EC411DDAB7DC9767090C799&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
62.
European Court of Human Rights. Mosley v United Kingdom [2012] EMLR 1.(2011). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IB01A71007C4711E09FE9952F1280B01E&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
63.
Court: House of Lords. *Campbell v Mirror Group Newspapers Ltd [2004] UK HL 22, [2004] 2 AC 457.; 2004. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXM-JR30-TWW4-21G6&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
64.
Douglas and Zeta Jones v Hello! Ltd [2005] 4 All ER 128.; 2005. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4H7S-JMY0-TWP1-605P&csi=274668&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
65.
Cornish, W. R., Llewelyn, David, Aplin, Tanya Frances. Intellectual Property: Patents, Copyright, Trade Marks and Allied Rights. 8th ed. Sweet & Maxwell; 2013.
66.
Bently, Lionel, Sherman, Brad. Intellectual Property Law. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press; 2009.
67.
Wadlow, Christopher. The Law of Passing-off: Unfair Competition by Misrepresentation. Vol Intellectual property library. 3rd ed. Sweet & Maxwell; 2004.
68.
Ricketson S. Reaping without sowing: Unfair Competition and Intellectual Property Rights in Anglo-Australian Law. University of New South Wales Law Journal. 1984;7(1). http://www.heinonline.org/HOL/Index?index=journals%2Fswales&collection=journals
69.
Jennifer Davis. Why the United Kingdom should have a law against misappropriation. Cambridge Law Journal. 2010;69(3):561-581. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?docguid=IE598DCA20CB111E0AFBDF1383E1E3727&crumb-action=reset
70.
Christopher Wadlow. Passing off at the crossroads again: a review article for Hazel Carty, An Analysis of the Economic Torts. European Intellectual Property Review. 2011;33(7):447-455. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I4CF8A4E0881111E0B370896DBAF0B922&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
71.
*Erven Warnink vs Townend [1979] A.C. 731.; 1979. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4K4W-PD40-TXD8-60FB&csi=296986&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
72.
House of Lords. *Reckitt & Colman v Borden [1990] RPC 341; [1990] 1 WLR 491.(1990). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I84D5CD80E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
73.
Court: House of Lords. IRC v Muller & Co’s Margarine Ltd [1901] AC 217.; 1901. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXV-M7D0-TWW4-20B3&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
74.
*Erven Warnink vs Townend [1979] A.C. 731.; 1979. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4K4W-PD40-TXD8-60FB&csi=296986&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
75.
House of Lords. *Reddaway v Banham [1896] AC 199.(1896). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I84E3FE50E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
76.
Court: House of Lords. Edge (William) & Sons Ltd v William Niccolls & Sons Ltd [1911] AC 693.; 1911. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXH-FG30-TWW4-21GN&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
77.
Court of Session (Outer House). John Haig & Co Ltd v Forth Blending Co Ltd (1953) 70 RPC 259.(1953). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ICD7279E0E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
78.
House of Lords. *Reckitt & Colman v Borden [1990] RPC 341; [1990] 1 WLR 491.(1990). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I84D5CD80E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
79.
Privy Council. Cadbury Schweppes Pty Ltd v Pub Squash Co Pty Ltd [1981] 1 WLR 193 (PC).(1981). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I806103B0E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
80.
Court: Chancery Division. Bollinger v Costa Brava Wine Co Ltd [1961] RPC 116.; 1961. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXH-FGP0-TWW4-2113&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
81.
Court: Chancery Division. Vine Products Ltd v Mackenzie & Co Ltd [1969] RPC 1.; 1969. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXN-BPC0-TWW4-219M&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
82.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Diageo v Intercontinental Brands [2010] ETMR 57.(2010). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IACA34D609C3411DF92A7D3B03F532893&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
83.
Court: Court of Appeal. Anheuser-Busch Inc v Budejovicky Budvar Narodni Podnik, Budweiser Case [1984] FSR 413.; 1984. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXV-YY50-TWW4-21H2&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
84.
Chancery Division. Waterman (Pete) Ltd v CBS United Kingdom Ltd [1993] EMLR 27.(1993). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I1E2EA890E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
85.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Hotel Cipriani Srl v Cipriani (Grosvenor Street) Ltd [2010] RPC 16.(2010). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I9139A39021C211DFA41BF0B6F8159676&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
86.
Court: House of Lords. *Spalding (A.G.) & Bros v A.W. Gamage Ltd and Benetfink & Co Ltd (1915) 32 RPC 273 (HL).; 1915. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXR-6310-TWW4-20NS&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
87.
Chancery Division. *Irvine v Talksport Ltd [2002] 1 WLR 2355.(2002). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ICAC470E1E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
88.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Taittinger SA v Allbev Ltd [1993] FSR 641.(1993). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IC7A6E7C0E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
89.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Harrods v Harrodian School [1996] RPC 697.(1996). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IBAF3FAA0E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
90.
H1 Appeal from the High Court (Chancery Division). Arsenal v Reed [2003] RPC 39.(2003). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I676D8860E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
91.
Court: Court of Appeal. *L’Oreal SA v Bellure NV [2007] EWCA Civ 968, [2008] RPC 196.; 2007. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4PWD-GRH0-TWW4-21F9&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
92.
*Erven Warnink vs Townend [1979] A.C. 731.; 1979. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4K4W-PD40-TXD8-60FB&csi=296986&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
93.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Taittinger SA v Allbev Ltd [1993] FSR 641.(1993). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IC7A6E7C0E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
94.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Taittinger SA v Allbev Ltd [1993] FSR 641.(1993). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IC7A6E7C0E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
95.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Harrods v Harrodian School [1996] RPC 697.(1996). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IBAF3FAA0E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
96.
Chancery Division. *Irvine v Talksport Ltd [2002] 1 WLR 2355.(2002). http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ICAC470E1E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
97.
Bently, Lionel, Sherman, Brad. Intellectual Property Law. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press; 2009.
98.
Cornish, W. R., Llewelyn, David, Aplin, Tanya Frances. Intellectual Property: Patents, Copyright, Trade Marks and Allied Rights. 8th ed. Sweet & Maxwell; 2013.
99.
Jochen Pagenberg. Trade dress and the three dimensional mark - the neglected children of trade mark law? International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law. 2004;35(7):831-843. http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I2F83C290E71311DA915EF37CAC72F838&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
100.
Bergquist J, Curley D. Shape trade marks and fast-moving consumer goods. European Intellectual Property Review. Published online 2008:17-24. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I4605FB80A38411DCA386F3C91B230F0D/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
101.
Liakatou V, Maniatis S. Lego - building a European concept of functionality. European Intellectual Property Review. 2010;32(12):653-656. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IB6FD09E1EED711DFB0EED922B45E4A88&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
102.
Jeremy Phillips. Trade mark law and the need to keep free. International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law. 2005;36(4):389-401. http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I2F74CE71E71311DA915EF37CAC72F838&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
103.
Davis J. The Need to Leave Free for Others to Use and the Trade Mark Common. In: Trade Mark Use. Oxford University Press; 2005.
104.
Patricia Loughlan. Descriptive trade marks, fair use and consumer confusion. European Intellectual Property Review. 2005;27(12):443-445. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ICF386C60E71211DA915EF37CAC72F838&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
105.
Intellectual Property Office. Trade Marks Act 1994. Published online 1994. http://www.ipo.gov.uk/pro-types/pro-tm/t-law.htm
106.
Trade Marks Directive 2008. Published online 2008. http://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/details.jsp?id=5206
107.
Court: European Court of Justice. Lloyd Schuhfabrik Meyer & Co GmbH v Klijsen Handel BV: C-342/97 [1999] ECR I-3819, [1999] All ER (EC) 587.; 1999. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXR-N2K0-TWW4-2006&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
108.
Intellectual Property Office. Trade Marks Act 1994. Published online 1994. http://www.ipo.gov.uk/pro-types/pro-tm/t-law.htm
109.
Trade Marks Directive 2008. Published online 2008. http://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/details.jsp?id=5206
110.
European Court of Justice. *Sieckmann v Deutsches Patent- Und Markenamt (C-273/00) [2002] ECR I-11737; [2003] ETMR 37.(2002). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IA8480D50E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
111.
Dyson Ltd v Registrar of Trade Marks (Case C-321/03) - [2007] ETMR 34.; 2007. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=55Y7-JST1-DYBP-N4FG&csi=274665&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
112.
European Court of Justice. *Sieckmann v Deutsches Patent- Und Markenamt (C-273/00) [2002] ECR I-11737; [2003] ETMR 37.(2002). http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IA8480D50E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
113.
European Court of Justice. *Sieckmann v Deutsches Patent- Und Markenamt (C-273/00) [2002] ECR I-11737; [2003] ETMR 37.(2002). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IA8480D50E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
114.
Court of First Instance. Eden SARL v Office for Harmonisation in the Internal Market (Trade Marks and Designs) (OHIM) [2006] (T-305/04) ETMR 14.(2006). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I9F9A2DB1E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
115.
European Court of Justice (Sixth Chamber). Shield Mark BV v Joost Kist H.O.D.N. Memex (Case C-283/01) [2004] ETMR 33.(2004). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IA7E1AA60E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
116.
*Libertel v Benelux Merkenbureau (Case C-104/01) [2003] ECR I-3793 [2003] ETMR 63.; 2003. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?docguid=IE0B97940E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&crumb-action=reset
117.
European Court of Justice. *Koninklijke Philips v Remington (Case C-299/99) [2002] ECR I-5475, [2002] ETMR 81.(2002). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ID535C7E0E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
118.
European Court of Justice (Second Chamber). SAT.1 SatellitenFernsehen GmbH v OHIM (Case C-329/02) (SAT.2), [2005] 1 CMLR 1546.(2005). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I980E9C10E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
119.
*Libertel Groep BV v Benelux-Merkenbureau (Case C-104/01) - [2004] Ch 83.; 2004. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/results/enhdocview.do?docLinkInd=true&ersKey=23_T19962934462&format=GNBFULL&startDocNo=0&resultsUrlKey=0_T19962934467&backKey=20_T19962934468&csi=296988&docNo=2&scrollToPosition=114
120.
European Court of Justice (Second Chamber). SAT.1 SatellitenFernsehen GmbH v OHIM (Case C-329/02) (SAT.2), [2005] 1 CMLR 1546.(2005). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I980E9C10E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
121.
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV v Remington Consumer Products Ltd (Case C-299/99) - [2003] Ch 159.; 2002. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/results/enhdocview.do?docLinkInd=true&ersKey=23_T19962953981&format=GNBFULL&startDocNo=0&resultsUrlKey=0_T19962953983&backKey=20_T19962953984&csi=296988&docNo=10&scrollToPosition=1710
122.
European Court of Justice (Second Chamber). SAT.1 SatellitenFernsehen GmbH v OHIM (Case C-329/02) (SAT.2), [2005] 1 CMLR 1546.(2005). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I980E9C10E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
123.
*Libertel Groep BV v Benelux-Merkenbureau (Case C-104/01) - [2004] Ch 83.; 2004. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/results/enhdocview.do?docLinkInd=true&ersKey=23_T19962934462&format=GNBFULL&startDocNo=0&resultsUrlKey=0_T19962934467&backKey=20_T19962934468&csi=296988&docNo=2&scrollToPosition=114
124.
European Court of Justice (Sixth Chamber). Procter & Gamble v OHIM (Cases C-473/01 P and C-474/01 P) [2004] ETMR 89.(2004). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I291ECC80E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
125.
Court: European Court of Justice. *Linde AG, Winward Industries Inc & Rado Uhren AG v Deutsches Patentund Markenamt (Cases C-53/01, 54/01 & 55/01) [2003] ECR-I 3161, [2003] RPC 803.; 2003. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXV-47S0-TWW4-200W&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
126.
European Court of Justice. *OHIM v Wm Wrigley Junior Co (DOUBLEMINT) (Case C-191/01 P) [2004] RPC 327, [2004] 1 WLR 1728.(2004). http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I1233F270E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
127.
European Court of Justice. Windsurfing Chiemsee Produktions Und Vertriebs GmbH v Boots Und Segelzubehor Walter Huber (Cases C-108/97 and 109/97) [1999] ECR I-2779, [2000] 2 WLR 205.(1999). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I08B1E800E42911DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
128.
European Court of Justice. Windsurfing Chiemsee Produktions Und Vertriebs GmbH v Boots Und Segelzubehor Walter Huber (Cases C-108/97 and 109/97) [1999] ECR I-2779, [2000] 2 WLR 205.(1999). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I08B1E800E42911DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
129.
European Court of Justice. Procter & Gamble Company v OHIM (BABY DRY) (Case C-383/99 P) [2001] ECR I-6251, [2002] Ch 82.(2001). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I291D6CF0E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
130.
European Court of Justice. *OHIM v Wm Wrigley Junior Co (DOUBLEMINT) (Case C-191/01 P) [2004] RPC 327, [2004] 1 WLR 1728.(2004). http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I1233F270E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
131.
European Court of Justice (Second Chamber). SAT.1 SatellitenFernsehen GmbH v OHIM (Case C-329/02) (SAT.2), [2005] 1 CMLR 1546.(2005). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I980E9C10E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
132.
Merz & Krell (Case C-517/99) [2001] ECR I-6959.; 2001. http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?docguid=IF9600D10E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&crumb-action=reset
133.
European Court of Justice. *Windsurfing Chiemsee Produktions Und Vertriebs GmbH v Boots Und Segelzubehor Walter Huber (Cases C-108/97 and 109/97) [1999] ECR I-2779, [2000] 2 WLR 205.(1999). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I08B1E800E42911DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
134.
European Court of Justice. Philips Electronics NV v Remington Consumer Products Ltd (Case C-299/99) [2002] ECR I-5475, [2002] All ER (EC) 634, [2002] 2 CMLR 1329.(2002). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ID535C7E0E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
135.
Dyson Ltd v Registrar of Trade Marks (Case C-321/03) - [2007] ETMR 34.; 2007. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=55Y7-JST1-DYBP-N4FG&csi=274665&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
136.
European Court of Justice. *Koninklijke Philips v Remington (Case C-299/99) [2002] ECR I-5475, [2002] ETMR 81.(2002). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ID535C7E0E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
137.
European Court of Justice (Grand Chamber). *Lego Juris v OHIM (Case C-48/09 P) [2010] ETMR 63.(2010). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IACB54990F69B11DFB99CA99461512FB4&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
138.
Trade Marks Registry (Appointed Person). Re Ghazilian’s Trade Mark Application [2002] RPC 33.(2002). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IAE7CC180E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
139.
Trade Marks Registry (Appointed Person). Re Basic Trademark SA’s Trade Mark Application [2005] RPC 25.(2005). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I701AE840E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
140.
Trade Marks Registry (Appointed Person). Dennis Woodman v French Connection [2007] RPC 1.(2007). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IAC0ACD2032B511DB8591EC6659BE7CBE&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
141.
Cornish, W. R., Llewelyn, David, Aplin, Tanya Frances. Intellectual Property: Patents, Copyright, Trade Marks and Allied Rights. 8th ed. Sweet & Maxwell; 2013.
142.
Bently, Lionel, Sherman, Brad. Intellectual Property Law. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press; 2009.
143.
Andrew Griffiths. The impact of the global appreciation approach on the boundaries of trade mark protection. Intellectual Property Quarterly. Published online 2001:326-360. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I80DC7BD0E45411DA92358E85EE602D8A/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
144.
Phillips, Jeremy. Trade Mark Law: A Practical Anatomy. Oxford University Press; 2003.
145.
Joshi R, Isaac B. What does identical mean? European Intellectual Property Review. 2005;27(5):184-187. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ICF4A94D0E71211DA915EF37CAC72F838&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
146.
Phillips J. Strong trade marks and the likelihood of confusion in European law. Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice. 1(6):385-397. doi:10.1093/jiplp/jpl038
147.
Schechter F. The Rational Basis of Trade Mark Protection. Harvard Law Review. 1927;40. http://www.heinonline.org/HOL/Index?index=journals%2Fhlr&collection=journals
148.
Gangjee D, Burrell R. Because You’re Worth It: L’Oreal and the Prohibition on Free Riding. Modern Law Review. 73(2):282-295. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2230.2010.00794.x
149.
Court: European Court of Justice. Lloyd Schuhfabrik Meyer & Co GmbH v Klijsen Handel BV: C-342/97 [1999] ECR I-3819, [1999] All ER (EC) 587.; 1999. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXR-N2K0-TWW4-2006&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
150.
*Case C-291/00 LTJ Diffusion v Sadas Vertbaudet, [2003] ECR I-2799, [2003] ETMR 83.(2003). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.westlaw.com/Document/IE810E610E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
151.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Reed Executive Plc v Reed Business Information Ltd [2004] ETMR 56.(2004). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I8510B3A0E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
152.
European Court of Justice. *Case C-251/95 SABEL v Puma [1997] ECR I-6191, [1998] ETMR 1.(1998). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I97093A00E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
153.
Court: Court of First Instance, EC. Les Editions Albert Rene v OHIM (Case T-336/03) [2005] ECR II-4667.; 2005. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4HF5-CB60-TWW4-215W&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
154.
Court: European Court of Justice. Lloyd Schuhfabrik Meyer & Co GmbH v Klijsen Handel BV: C-342/97 [1999] ECR I-3819, [1999] All ER (EC) 587.; 1999. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXR-N2K0-TWW4-2006&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
155.
European Court of Justice. *Case C-39/97 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha v Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc [1998] ECR I-5507, [1999] ETMR 1.(1999). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I82095C80E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
156.
Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market (Opposition Division). Zanella SNC’s Community Trade Mark Application (B.42053) [2000] ETMR 69.(2000). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I120C29B0E42911DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
157.
European Court of Justice. *Case C-251/95 SABEL v Puma [1997] ECR I-6191, [1998] ETMR 1.(1998). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I97093A00E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
158.
Marca Mode CV v Adidas AG and Adidas Benelux (Case C-425/98 ).(2000). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.westlaw.com/Document/IEE0DCBF0E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
159.
European Court of Justice. *Case C-39/97 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha v Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc [1998] ECR I-5507, [1999] ETMR 1.(1999). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I82095C80E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
160.
Court: European Court of Justice. Lloyd Schuhfabrik Meyer & Co GmbH v Klijsen Handel BV: C-342/97 [1999] ECR I-3819, [1999] All ER (EC) 587.; 1999. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXR-N2K0-TWW4-2006&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
161.
European Court of Justice. *Case C-251/95 SABEL v Puma [1997] ECR I-6191, [1998] ETMR 1.(1998). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I97093A00E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
162.
European Court of Justice. *Case C-39/97 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha v Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc [1998] ECR I-5507, [1999] ETMR 1.(1999). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I82095C80E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
163.
European Court of Justice. *Case C-39/97 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha v Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc [1998] ECR I-5507, [1999] ETMR 1.(1999). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I82095C80E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
164.
European Court of Justice. *Case C-39/97 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha v Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc [1998] ECR I-5507, [1999] ETMR 1.(1999). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I82095C80E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
165.
Case T-387/06 Inter-Ikea Systems BV v OHIM (IDEA/IKEA) [2009] ETMR 17.; 2009. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?docguid=IE1F37F40EF4B11DDABD59220C1484B66&crumb-action=reset
166.
Advocate Generals Opinion. *Case C-292/00 Davidoff & Cie SA, Zino Davidoff SA v Gofkid Ltd [2003] ECR I 389, [2002] ETMR 99.(2002). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I94E230C0E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
167.
European Court of Justice (Sixth Chamber). *Case C-408/01 Adidas-Salomon AG & Adidas Benelux BV v Fitnessworld Trading Ltd [2004] ETMR 10.(2004). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I5343F131E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
168.
European Court of Justice (Sixth Chamber). *Case C-408/01 Adidas-Salomon AG & Adidas Benelux BV v Fitnessworld Trading Ltd [2004] ETMR 10.(2004). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I5343F131E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
169.
European Court of Justice. Case C-375/97 General Motors v Yplon [2000] RPC 572.(2000). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IADFD5850E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
170.
Chancery Division. Julius Sämann Ltd v Tetrosyl Ltd [2006] EWHC 529.(2006). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ID12EBE91E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
171.
European Court of Justice (First Chamber). Case C-323/09 Interflora v Marks & Spencer Plc [2012] ETMR 1.(2012). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IAF651490EAF111E0A275A3ECCA23837C&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
172.
*Case C-252/07 Intel Corporation Inc v CPM United Kingdom Ltd [2009] ETMR 13.; 2009. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?docguid=IE1F1D190EF4B11DDABD59220C1484B66&crumb-action=reset
173.
Benelux Court of Justice. Colgate-Palmolive BV v Koninklijke Distilleerderijen Erven Lucas Bols NV (1976) 7 IIC 420 (CLAERYN/KLAREIN).(1979). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I89876421E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
174.
European Court of Justice (First Chamber). Case C-487/07 L’Oréal SA v Bellure NV [2009] ECR I-5185; [2010] RPC 1; [2009] ETMR 55 (ECJ).(2009). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I8F8A7AF0652B11DE983DB30BB4733E30&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
175.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). L’Oréal SA v Bellure NV [2010] ETMR 47 (Court of Appeal).(2010). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I0CE81031654811DFADCD9988CD311A96/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
176.
Intellectual Property Office. Trade Marks Act 1994. Published online 1994. http://www.ipo.gov.uk/pro-types/pro-tm/t-law.htm
177.
Cornish, W. R., Llewelyn, David, Aplin, Tanya Frances. Intellectual Property: Patents, Copyright, Trade Marks and Allied Rights. 8th ed. Sweet & Maxwell; 2013.
178.
Bently, Lionel, Sherman, Brad. Intellectual Property Law. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press; 2009.
179.
Helen Norman. Time to blow the whistle on trade mark use? Intellectual Property Quarterly. Published online 2004:1-34. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I80E07370E45411DA92358E85EE602D8A/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
180.
Ilanah Simon. How does ‘essential function’ doctrine drive European mark trade law? International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law. Published online 2005:401-420. http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I2F701380E71311DA915EF37CAC72F838&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
181.
Andrew Griffiths. The trade mark monopoly: an analysis of the core zone of absolute protection under Art.5(1)(a). Intellectual Property Quarterly. 2007;3:312-349. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I943CD4A0407811DCBD0B8974948FEEE1&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
182.
M. Senftlebel. Bringing EU Trademark Law Back Into Shape – Lessons to Learn from Keyword Advertising. Published online 2011. http://www.epip.eu/conferences/epip06/papers/Parallel%20Session%20Papers/
183.
Andrew Griffiths. The trade mark monopoly: an analysis of the core zone of absolute protection under Art.5(1)(a). Intellectual Property Quarterly. 2007;3:312-349. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I943CD4A0407811DCBD0B8974948FEEE1&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
184.
Mothercare v Penguin Books [1988] R.P.C. 113.; 1988. http://rpc.oxfordjournals.org/content/105/6/113.short?rss=1&ssource=mfr
185.
Helen Norman. Time to blow the whistle on trade mark use? Intellectual Property Quarterly. Published online 2004:1-34. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I80E07370E45411DA92358E85EE602D8A/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
186.
*Case C-291/00 LTJ Diffusion v Sadas Vertbaudet, [2003] ECR I-2799, [2003] ETMR 83.(2003). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.westlaw.com/Document/IE810E610E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
187.
European Court of Justice. Case C-63/97 BMW v Deenik [1999] ECR I-905, [1999] 1 CMLR 1099.(1999). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I708BF991E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
188.
European Court of Justice. Case C-2/00 Hölterhoff v Ulrich Freiesleben [2002] ETMR 917.(2002). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IC3117690E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
189.
European Court of Justice. *Case C-206/01 Arsenal Football Club Plc v Reed, [2002] ECR I-10273, [2003] ETMR 19 (ECJ).(2003). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I676B8C90E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
190.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). *Arsenal Football Club Plc v Reed [2003] ETMR 73 (CA).(2003). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I676D8860E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
191.
House of Lords. *R v Johnstone [2004] ETMR 2.(2004). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I50612720E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
192.
Case C-48/05 Adam Opel v Autec [2007] ETMR 33.; 2007. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?docguid=IDB584410131811DCBED6E2488C9C88D7&crumb-action=reset
193.
Google France SARL and Another v Louis Vuitton Malletier SA Google France SARL v Viaticum SA and Another Google France SARL v Centre National de Recherche En Relations Humaines (CNRRH) SARL and Others - [2010] All ER (D) 23 (Apr).; 2010. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=7Y4Y-47W0-Y96Y-H1TV&csi=274665&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
194.
European Court of Justice (Grand Chamber). Case C-17/06 Céline v Céline SA [2007] ECR I-7041, [2007] ETMR 80.(2007). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I9A9597108F5111DC9C26E9F078BBCACB&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
195.
Chancery Division. RxWorks Ltd v Hunter [2007] EWHC 3061.(2007). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I93AF3FC0BDAD11DCAF01C913343759EA&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
196.
Google France SARL and Another v Louis Vuitton Malletier SA Google France SARL v Viaticum SA and Another Google France SARL v Centre National de Recherche En Relations Humaines (CNRRH) SARL and Others - [2010] All ER (D) 23 (Apr).; 2010. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=7Y4Y-47W0-Y96Y-H1TV&csi=274665&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
197.
European Court of Justice (Grand Chamber). Case C-324/09 L’Oreal SA v eBay International AG [2011] ETMR 53.(2011). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I7F3F9920B27F11E0818793785D117705&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
198.
European Court of Justice (First Chamber). Case C-323/09 Interflora v Marks & Spencer Plc [2012] ETMR 1.(2012). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IAF651490EAF111E0A275A3ECCA23837C&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
199.
Cornish, W. R., Llewelyn, David, Aplin, Tanya Frances. Intellectual Property: Patents, Copyright, Trade Marks and Allied Rights. 8th ed. Sweet & Maxwell; 2013.
200.
Bently, Lionel, Sherman, Brad. Intellectual Property Law. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press; 2009.
201.
Roughton A. Permitted Infringing Use: the Scope of Defences to an Infringement Action. In: Trade Mark Use. Oxford University Press; 2005.
202.
Ilanah Simon. Nominative use and honest practices in industrial and commercial matters - a very European history. Intellectual Property Quarterly. Published online 2007:117-147. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.westlaw.com/Document/I7237CE70FF5311DB890AD2939FCE442A/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
203.
Honestly, neither Celine nor Gillette is defensible! European Intellectual Property Review. 2008;30(7):286-293. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I734626B0286811DD8EF9F64D79DCEEA7&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
204.
Christophe Geiger. Trade marks and freedom of expression - the proportionality of criticism. International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law. 2007;38(3):317-327. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I2BE7DFB030C111DC94868C93E4A893F7/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
205.
Claire Howell. Trade marks: what constitutes ‘genuine use’? Laboratoires Goemar SA v La Mer Technology. European Intellectual Property Review. 2006;28(2):118-121. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ICF32C710E71211DA915EF37CAC72F838&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
206.
Phillips, Jeremy. Trade Mark Law: A Practical Anatomy. Oxford University Press; 2003.
207.
European Court of Justice (Grand Chamber). Case C-17/06 Céline v Céline SA [2007] ECR I-7041, [2007] ETMR 80.(2007). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I9A9597108F5111DC9C26E9F078BBCACB&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
208.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Hotel Cipriani Srl v Cipriani (Grosvenor Street) Ltd [2010] RPC 16.(2010). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I9139A39021C211DFA41BF0B6F8159676&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
209.
Patents County Court. Redd Solicitors LLP v Red Legal Ltd [2012] EWPCC 54, [2013] ETMR 13.(2013). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I4ADB2B204A5111E2AFC5ADE6B0249198&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
210.
Case C-48/05 Adam Opel v Autec [2007] ETMR 33.; 2007. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?docguid=IDB584410131811DCBED6E2488C9C88D7&crumb-action=reset
211.
European Court of Justice (Fifth Chamber). Case C-100/02 Gerolsteiner & Brunnen GmbH & Co. v Putsch GmbH [2004] ETMR 40.(2004). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IAE5EB230E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
212.
European Court of Justice (Third Chamber). *Case 228/03 Gillette Company v LA-Laboratories Ltd Case [2005] ETMR 67.(2005). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IAEF59B00E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
213.
European Court of Justice (Fifth Chamber). Case C-100/02 Gerolsteiner & Brunnen GmbH & Co. v Putsch GmbH [2004] ETMR 40.(2004). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IAE5EB230E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
214.
European Court of Justice (Third Chamber). *Case 228/03 Gillette Company v LA-Laboratories Ltd Case [2005] ETMR 67.(2005). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IAEF59B00E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
215.
European Court of Justice (Grand Chamber). Case C-17/06 Céline v Céline SA [2007] ECR I-7041, [2007] ETMR 80.(2007). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I9A9597108F5111DC9C26E9F078BBCACB&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
216.
European Court of Justice (First Chamber). Case C-487/07 L’Oréal SA v Bellure NV [2009] ECR I-5185; [2010] RPC 1; [2009] ETMR 55 (ECJ).(2009). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I8F8A7AF0652B11DE983DB30BB4733E30&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
217.
Dowie-Whybrow M. Core Statutes on Intellectual Property. Vol Palgrave Macmillan core statutes. Fourth edition. Palgrave Macmillan; 2013.
218.
European Court of Justice (First Chamber). *Case C-533/06 O2 Holdings Ltd v Hutchison 3G UK Ltd [2008] ETMR 55.(2008). http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I341987E03CF711DDA8E4E8EFC9CB01FD&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
219.
European Court of Justice (First Chamber). Case C-487/07 L’Oréal SA v Bellure NV [2009] ECR I-5185; [2010] RPC 1; [2009] ETMR 55 (ECJ).(2009). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I8F8A7AF0652B11DE983DB30BB4733E30&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
220.
European Court of Justice. *Case C-40/01 Ansul BV and Ajax Brandbeveiliging BV (Minimax) [2003] ECR I-2439, [2003] ETMR 85.(2003). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I5E814AC0E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
221.
European Court of Justice (Third Chamber). Case C-259/02 La Mer Technology Inc v Laboratoires Goemar SA [2004] ETMR 47.(2004). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ID645B140E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
222.
Silberquelle GmbH v Maselli-Strickmode GmbH (C-495/07).(2009). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.westlaw.com/Document/IED6BA7D01B5111DEAFD6ED60DC0DB1FC/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
223.
European Court of Justice (Third Chamber). Case C-246/05 Armin Häupl v Lidl Stiftung & Co KG [2007] ETMR 61.(2007). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I853010504BAC11DC869CF358B7B5BFD4&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
224.
Cornish, W. R., Llewelyn, David, Aplin, Tanya Frances. Intellectual Property: Patents, Copyright, Trade Marks and Allied Rights. 8th ed. Sweet & Maxwell; 2013.
225.
Bently, Lionel, Sherman, Brad. Intellectual Property Law. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press; 2009.
226.
Stothers, Christopher. Parallel Trade in Europe: Intellectual Property, Competition and Regulatory Law. Hart; 2007.
227.
Gill Grassie. Parallel imports and trade marks - where are we? Part 1. European Intellectual Property Review. 2006;28(9):474-479. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I8FFA6D10298311DB9C38979DE63AE30C&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
228.
Gill Grassie. Parallel imports and trade marks: Part 2: the repackaging cases. European Intellectual Property Review. 2006;28(10):513-516. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IB3C89E9042A811DBBF32AB60305756BD&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
229.
Keeling, David T. Intellectual Property Rights in EU Law: Vol. 1: Free Movement and Competition Law. Vol Oxford EC law library. Oxford University Press; 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198259183.001.0001
230.
Fhima IS. The Court of Justice’s protection of the advertising function of trade marks: an (almost) sceptical analysis. Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice. 2011;6(5):325-329. doi:10.1093/jiplp/jpr004
231.
European Court of Justice. Case 8/74 Procureur Du Roi v Dassonville [1974] ECR 837 at 852, [1974] 2 CMLR 436.(1974). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I2937F9D0E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
232.
European Court of Justice. Cases C-15 & 16/74 Centrafarm v Sterling Drug, Centrafarm v Winthrop [1974] ECR 1147, 1183, [1974] 2 CMLR 480.(1974). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I839F8CE0E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
233.
European Court of Justice. Case C-317/91 Deutsche Renault AG v Audi AG [1993] ECR I-6227, [1995] 1 CMLR 461.(1995). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I98789DF1E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
234.
European Court of Justice. Case C-355/96 Silhouette International Schmied GmbH v Hartlauer Handelsgesellschaft mbH [1998] ECR I-4799, [1998] 2 CMLR 953.(1998). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IA8607750E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
235.
European Court of Justice. *Case C-414/99 Zino Davidoff SA v A&G Imports Ltd [2001] ECR I-8691, [2002] Ch 109, [2002] 1 CMLR 1.(2002). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I123387D0E42911DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
236.
European Court of Justice. *Case C-414/99 Zino Davidoff SA v A&G Imports Ltd [2001] ECR I-8691, [2002] Ch 109, [2002] 1 CMLR 1.(2002). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I123387D0E42911DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
237.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Mastercigars Direct Ltd v Hunters and Frankau [2007] ETMR 54.(2007). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I925173E0163D11DCA571A55D57CB3653&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
238.
European Court of Justice (Fifth Chamber). Case C-173/98 Sebago Inc and Ancienne Maison Dubois v GB Unic SA [1999] ETMR 681.(1999). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I9F7990E1E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
239.
European Court of Justice. *Case C–16/03 Peak Holding v Axolin-Elinor [2004] ECR I–11313, [2005] Ch 261, [2005] 2 WLR 650.(2005). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I1AF74B50E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
240.
Case C-324/09 L’Oréal v eBay International [2011] RPC 27.; 2011. http://indiancaselaws.wordpress.com/2013/09/14/loreal-sa-v-ebay-international-ag-c-32409/
241.
Case C-59/08 Copad SA v Christian Dior Couture [2009] FSR 859 (22).; 2009. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.westlaw.com/Document/IE642516054A011DE99E188287EC57E09/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
242.
European Court of Justice. *Case C-427/93 Bristol-Myers Squibb v Paranova [1996] ECR I-3457, [1997] 1 CMLR 1151.(1997). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I7A9F5210E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
243.
European Court of Justice (Second Chamber). *Case C-348/04 Boehringer Ingelheim v Swingward Ltd and Dowelhurst ("Boehringer II”), [2007] ECR I-3391, [2007] 2 CMLR 52.(2007). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ID3E9D8F035AB11DCB9EEC1DD635D0C90&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
244.
European Court of Justice. Case C-379/97 Pharmacia & Upjohn SA v Paranova A/S ("Paranova II”)[1999] ECR I-6927, [2000] 1 CMLR 51.(2000). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I1E835840E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
245.
European Court of Justice (Second Chamber). *Case C-348/04 Boehringer Ingelheim v Swingward Ltd and Dowelhurst ("Boehringer II”), [2007] ECR I-3391, [2007] 2 CMLR 52.(2007). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ID3E9D8F035AB11DCB9EEC1DD635D0C90&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
246.
European Court of Justice. *Case C-427/93 Bristol-Myers Squibb v Paranova [1996] ECR I-3457, [1997] 1 CMLR 1151.(1997). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I7A9F5210E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
247.
European Court of Justice (Second Chamber). *Case C-348/04 Boehringer Ingelheim v Swingward Ltd and Dowelhurst ("Boehringer II”), [2007] ECR I-3391, [2007] 2 CMLR 52.(2007). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ID3E9D8F035AB11DCB9EEC1DD635D0C90&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
248.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Boehringer Ingelheim v Swingward [2008] EWCA Civ 83, [2008] ETMR 36.(2008). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IA56805E0E10B11DC9179F6B281EA371D&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
249.
European Court of Justice. *Case C-143/00 Boehringer Ingelheim v Swingward Ltd and Dowelhurst ("Boehringer I”) [2002] ECR I-3759, [2002] All ER (EC) 581.(2002). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I7643E730E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
250.
Chancery Division (Patents Court). Glaxo Group Ltd v Dowelhurst Ltd (No 2) [2000] FSR 529.(2000). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IAF9E1000E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
251.
European Court of Justice (Second Chamber). *Case C-348/04 Boehringer Ingelheim v Swingward Ltd and Dowelhurst ("Boehringer II”), [2007] ECR I-3391, [2007] 2 CMLR 52.(2007). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ID3E9D8F035AB11DCB9EEC1DD635D0C90&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
252.
European Court of Justice (Second Chamber). *Case C-348/04 Boehringer Ingelheim v Swingward Ltd and Dowelhurst ("Boehringer II”), [2007] ECR I-3391, [2007] 2 CMLR 52.(2007). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ID3E9D8F035AB11DCB9EEC1DD635D0C90&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
253.
Advocate Generals Opinion. *Case C-337/95 Parfums Christian Dior SA v Evora BV [1997] ECR I-1603.(1997). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I19C708B0E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
254.
Case C-59/08 Copad SA v Christian Dior Couture [2009] FSR 859 (22).; 2009. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.westlaw.com/Document/IE642516054A011DE99E188287EC57E09/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
255.
Case C-324/09 L’Oréal v eBay International [2011] RPC 27.; 2011. http://indiancaselaws.wordpress.com/2013/09/14/loreal-sa-v-ebay-international-ag-c-32409/
256.
Cornish, W. R., Llewelyn, David, Aplin, Tanya Frances. Intellectual Property: Patents, Copyright, Trade Marks and Allied Rights. 8th ed. Sweet & Maxwell; 2013.
257.
Bently, Lionel, Sherman, Brad. Intellectual Property Law. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press; 2009.
258.
Pila J. Copyright and Its Categories of Original Works. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies. 30(2):229-254. doi:10.1093/ojls/gqq009
259.
Spence M. Justifying Copyright. In: Dear Images: Art, Copyright and Culture. Ridinghouse:, ICA; 2002:389-403.
260.
Irini A. Stamatoudi. ‘Joy’ for the claimant: can a film also be protected as a dramatic work? Intellectual Property Quarterly. Published online 2000:117-126. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I7FA49810E45411DA92358E85EE602D8A/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
261.
Richard Arnold. Joy: a reply. Intellectual Property Quarterly. Published online 2001:10-21. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I7FA50D40E45411DA92358E85EE602D8A/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
262.
Richard Arnold. Copyright in photographs: a case for reform. European Intellectual Property Review. 2005;27(9):303-305. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ICF37F730E71211DA915EF37CAC72F838&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
263.
Andreas Rahmatian. Music and creativity as perceived by copyright law. Intellectual Property Quarterly. Published online 2005:267-293. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/IBD9BC3D0E72111DA9D198AF4F85CA028/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
264.
Tania S.L. Cheng. Does copyright law confer a monopoly over unpreserved cows? European Intellectual Property Review. Published online 2006:276-281. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ICF290310E71211DA915EF37CAC72F838&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
265.
Silver I, Lee P. Protecting your Rights – Copyright in Computer Games: Nova Productions and Mazooma Games Ltd. European Intellectual Property Review. 2007;29(6):251-255.
266.
Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Published online 1988. http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/contents
267.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). *Norowzian v Arks Ltd (No 2) [1999] FSR 79, [2000] FSR 363 (CA).(2000). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I108E7FD0E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
268.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Baigent & Leigh v Random House [2007] EWCA Civ 247, [2007] FSR 24.(2007). http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I372331B0DDA411DB89E08052F2CA7868&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
269.
Chancery Division. Nova Productions Ltd v. Mazooma Games Ltd [2006] RPC 14.(2006). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I114796A0E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
270.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Nova Productions Ltd v. Mazooma Games Ltd [2007] RPC 25.(2007). http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I0B2036B0D2AC11DB97F6EEA8CBB93415&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
271.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Exxon Corp v Exxon Insurance Consultants International Ltd [1982] Ch 119.(1982). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IA4F75120E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
272.
University of London Press v University Tutorial Press [1916] 2 Ch 601.; 1916. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.westlaw.com/Document/IE619B480E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
273.
*Newspaper Licensing Agency Ltd v Meltwater Holding BV [2012] RPC 1.; 2012. http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?docguid=IE9F6C360B8A611E08E89E51884D3FC3D&crumb-action=reset
274.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). *Norowzian v Arks Ltd (No 2) [1999] FSR 79, [2000] FSR 363 (CA).(2000). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I108E7FD0E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
275.
Chancery Division. Nova Productions Ltd v. Mazooma Games Ltd [2006] RPC 14.(2006). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I114796A0E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
276.
Chancery Division. Lawson v Dundas.; 1985. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4PN7-RW10-TXX5-50FC&csi=316560&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
277.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). *Sawkins v Hyperion Records [2005] RPC 32; [2005] 1 WLR 3281.(2005). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I98427D51E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
278.
Chancery Division. Creation Records v News Group Newspapers [1997] EMLR 444.(1997). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I8FF0A060E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
279.
Metix (UK) Ltd v G.H. Maughan (Plastics) Ltd [1997] FSR 718.(1997). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.westlaw.com/Document/IF98129A0E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
280.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Nova Productions Ltd v. Mazooma Games Ltd [2007] RPC 25 (CA).(2007). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I0B2036B0D2AC11DB97F6EEA8CBB93415&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
281.
Court: Chancery Division. British Northrop Ltd v Texteam Blackburn Ltd [1974] RPC 57.; 1974. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXH-FDW0-TWW4-20KN&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
282.
Merchandising Corporation of America v Harpbond [1983] FSR 32.; 1983. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.westlaw.com/Document/IF91A2A70E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
283.
Supreme Court. *Lucasfilms v Ainsworth [2009] FSR 2.(2009). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I0C305000B84211E09CEF84D8174DB20E&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
284.
Supreme Court. *Lucasfilms v Ainsworth [2009] FSR 2.(2009). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I0C305000B84211E09CEF84D8174DB20E&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
285.
House of Lords. George Hensher Ltd v Restawile Upholstery (Lancs) Ltd [1976] AC 64.(1976). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IAE3160A0E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
286.
University of London Press v University Tutorial Press [1916] 2 Ch 601.; 1916. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.westlaw.com/Document/IE619B480E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
287.
House of Lords. Ladbroke (Football) Ltd v William Hill (Football) Ltd [1964] 1 WLR 273.(1964). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ID65CE2C1E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
288.
Walter v Lane [1900] AC 539.; 1900. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXM-YK00-TWW4-2116&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
289.
Express Newspapers Plc v News (UK) Ltd and Others - [1990] 3 All ER 376.; 1990. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4CSP-49F0-TWP1-6012&csi=274668&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
290.
Cornish, W. R., Llewelyn, David, Aplin, Tanya Frances. Intellectual Property: Patents, Copyright, Trade Marks and Allied Rights. 8th ed. Sweet & Maxwell; 2013.
291.
Bently, Lionel, Sherman, Brad. Intellectual Property Law. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press; 2009.
292.
Nigel P. Gravells. Authorship and originality: the persistent influence of Walter v Lane. Intellectual Property Quarterly. 2007;3:267-293. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I9439A050407811DCBD0B8974948FEEE1&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
293.
Zemer L. Contribution and collaboration in joint authorship: too many misconceptions. Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice. 1(4):283-292. doi:10.1093/jiplp/jpl005
294.
Rebecca Baines. Copyright in commissioned works: a cause for uncertainty. European Intellectual Property Review. 2005;27(3):122-123. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ICF37D020E71211DA915EF37CAC72F838&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
295.
David Booton. The informal acquisition of copyright. Intellectual Property Quarterly. 2011;1:28-49. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ID6711520345311E0BC47AA7F74E9E5E3&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
296.
Laddie, Justice. Copyright: over-strength, over-regulated, over-rated? European Intellectual Property Review. 1996;18(5):253-260. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ID04F5AA0E71211DA915EF37CAC72F838&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
297.
Helberger N, Dufft N, Van Gompel S, Bernt Hugenholtz P. Never forever: why extending the term of protection for sound recordings is a bad idea. European Intellectual Property Review. 2008;30(5):174-181. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IBD3B9C10003511DDA46EB425E5C11227&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
298.
Estelle Derclaye. Infopaq International A/S v Danske Dagblades Forening (C-5/08): wonderful or worrisome? The impact of the ECJ ruling in Infopaq on UK copyright law. European Intellectual Property Review. Published online 2010:247-251. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.westlaw.com/Document/IB72704A030AC11DF9C83BB18AACF6BDB/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
299.
University of London Press v University Tutorial Press [1916] 2 Ch 601.; 1916. https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.westlaw.com/Document/IE619B480E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
300.
House of Lords. Ladbroke (Football) Ltd v William Hill (Football) Ltd [1964] 1 WLR 273.(1964). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ID65CE2C1E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
301.
Walter v Lane [1900] AC 539.; 1900. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXM-YK00-TWW4-2116&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
302.
Express Newspapers Plc v News (UK) Ltd and Others - [1990] 3 All ER 376.; 1990. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4CSP-49F0-TWP1-6012&csi=274668&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
303.
Privy Council (Hong Kong). *Interlego AG v Tyco Industries Inc [1989] AC 217.(1989). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ICA553451E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
304.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). *Sawkins v Hyperion Records [2005] RPC 32; [2005] 1 WLR 3281.(2005). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I98427D51E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
305.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). ZYX Music GmbH v King [1995] 3 All ER 1, [1997] 2 All ER 129.(1997). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I124B7CA0E42911DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
306.
Chancery Division. Antiquesportfolio.Com Plc v. Rodney Fitch & Company Limited [2001] ECDR 5.(2001). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I5E91C580E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
307.
European Court of Justice (Third Chamber). *Case C-145/10 Eva-Maria Painer v Standard Verlags GmbH, [2012] ECDR 6.(2012). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IB8007600633511E19B1EDECF6B79D5EA&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
308.
Patents County Court. *Temple Island Collections Ltd v New English Teas Ltd [2012] FSR 9.(2012). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=ID00513403D7F11E18561D2A3A042DC41&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
309.
*Infopaq International v Danske Dagblades Forening (Case C-5/08).(2009). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.westlaw.com/Document/IEE144860B3B611DE8E61D7238152E802/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
310.
European Court of Justice (Third Chamber). *Case C-145/10 Eva-Maria Painer v Standard Verlags GmbH, [2012] ECDR 6.(2012). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IB8007600633511E19B1EDECF6B79D5EA&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
311.
*Newspaper Licensing Agency Ltd v Meltwater Holding BV [2012] RPC 1.; 2012. http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?docguid=IE9F6C360B8A611E08E89E51884D3FC3D&crumb-action=reset
312.
House of Lords. Newspaper Licensing Agency v Marks & Spencer Plc [2001] Ch 257 (CA); [2003] 1 AC 551 (HL).(2003). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I0CD54860E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
313.
Chancery Division. *Robin Ray v Classic FM [1998] FSR 622.(1998). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I848D79E0E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
314.
Chancery Division. Brighton v Jones [2005] FSR 16.(2005). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I7A77F3F0E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
315.
Chancery Division. Hadley v Kemp [1999] EMLR 589.(1999). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IB88DD011E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
316.
House of Lords. Fisher v Brooker [2007] EMLR 9; [2007] FSR 12 (Ch D); [2008] EMLR 13 (CA); [2009] 1 WLR 1764 (HL).(2009). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=IC84829907D7D11DE8013EC861A6B9FF1&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
317.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Beckingham v Hodgens [2003] ECDR 6 (Ch D); [2003] EMLR 18 (CA).(2003). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I72DD8AB0E42711DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth
318.
Court: Court of Appeal. Stevenson (or Stephenson) Jordan and Harrison Ltd v MacDonald and Evans (1952) 1 TLR 101.; 1952. http://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/docview/getDocForCuiReq?lni=4FXM-YJ40-TWW4-20NH&csi=279841&oc=00240&perma=true&elb=t
319.
Chancery Division. *Noah v Shuba [1991] FSR 14.(1991). https://signon.thomsonreuters.com/federation/UKF?entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth&returnto=https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/Document/I0D783F20E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9/View/FullText.html?skipAnonymous=true
320.
Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Griggs Group Ltd v Evans [2005] FSR 31.(2005). http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/ext/app/document?crumb-action=reset&docguid=I2E831BE1E42811DA8FC2A0F0355337E9&entityID=https://shib-idp.ucl.ac.uk/shibboleth