1
Smithsonian: Museum Studies. http://museumstudies.si.edu/
2
Silverman LH. Meaning Making Matters Communication consequences and Exhibit Design. Exhibitionist. Published Online First: 1999.
3
Charter for the Interpretation and Presentation of Cultural Heritage Sites. 2007.
4
O’Brien D. Measuring the value of culture: a report to the Department for Culture Media and Spor - measuring-the-value-culture-report.pdf. 2010.
5
Falk JH, Dierking LD, Foutz S. In principle, in practice: museums as learning institutions. Lanham, Md: Altamira Press 2007.
6
The contribution of the arts and culture to the national economy. 2013.
7
Culture, knowledge and understanding: great museums and libraries for everyone. 2011.
8
Measuring the economic benefits of arts and culture. 2012.
9
A review of research and literature on museums and libraries. 2011. http://www.artscouncil.org.uk/publication_archive/museums-and-libraries-research-review/
10
Achieving great art for everyone: A strategic framework for the arts. 2011.
11
A review of research and literature on museums and libraries. 2011. http://www.artscouncil.org.uk/publication_archive/museums-and-libraries-research-review/
12
Hirzy, Ellen Cochran, American Association of Museums. Excellence and equity: education and the public dimension of museums. Washington, D.C: American association of museums 1992.
13
Donovan C. A holistic approach to valuing our culture: a report to the Department for Culture, Media and Sport. 2013.
14
Anderson, David, Great Britain. A common wealth: museums and learning in the United Kingdom. 1997.
15
Bell, Philip, National Research Council (U.S.). Learning science in informal environments: people, places, and pursuits. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press 2009.
16
Dierking, Lynn D., Falk, John H., American Association of Museums. Public institutions for personal learning: establishing a research agenda. Washington: American Association of Museums 1995.
17
Falk JH, Dierking LD. Learning from Museums: An Introduction: Chapter 1. Learning from museums: visitor experiences and the making of meaning. Oxford: AltaMira Press 2000:1–14.
18
Falk J. The Effect of Visitors’ Agendas on Museum Learning. Curator. 1998;41:106–20.
19
Genoways, Hugh H. Museum philosophy for the twenty-first century. Lanham, Md: Altamira Press 2006.
20
Hein, George E. Learning in the museum. New York: Routledge 1998.
21
Hood M. Leisure Criteria of Family Participation and Non-participation in Museums. Museum visits and activities for family life enrichment. London: Haworth 1989:151–69.
22
Hooper-Greenhill, Eilean. The educational role of the museum. 2nd ed. London: Routledge 1999.
23
Hooper-Greenhill E, Moussouri T. Researching learning in museums and galleries 1990-1999: a bibliographic review. Researching learning in museums and galleries 1990-1999: a bibliographic review. 2002.
24
Macdonald, Sharon. A companion to museum studies. Malden, Mass: Blackwell 2006.
25
McManus, Paulette M. Archaeological displays and the public: museology and interpretation. 2nd ed. London: Archetype 2000.
26
Moussouri T. A context for the development of learning outcomes in museums, archives and libraries. A context for the development of learning outcomes in museums, archives and libraries. 2002.
27
Paris, Scott G. Perspectives on object-centered learning in museums. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates 2002.
28
Smith L. Uses of heritage. London: Routledge 2006.
29
Pearce, Susan M. Interpreting objects and collections. London: Routledge 1994.
30
Resource: The Council for Museums, Archives and Libraries. Renaissance in the regions: a new vision for England’s museums. [London]: Resource 2001.
31
Roberts, Lisa C. From knowledge to narrative: educators and the changing museum. London: Smithsonian Institution Press 1997.
32
Hooper-Greenhill E. Chapter 3: Education, Communication and interpretation: towards a critical pedagogy in museums. The educational role of the museum. London: Routledge 1999:3–27.
33
Silverman LH. Meaning making matters: communication, consequences and exhibit design. Exhibitionist. Published Online First: 1999.
34
Wenger E. Communities of practice: learning, meaning, and identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1998.
35
Spock M, Jensen Leichter H. Learning from Ourselves: Pivotal Stories of Museum Professionals. Bridges to understanding children’s museums. [s.l.]: Nina F. Gibans 1999:41–81.
36
Silverman L. Visitor Meaning-Making in Museums for a New Age. Curator. 1995;38:161–70. doi: 10.1111/j.2151-6952.1995.tb01052.x
37
Rennie LJ, Johnston DJ. The nature of learning and its implications for research on learning from museums. Science Education. 2004;88:S4–16. doi: 10.1002/sce.20017
38
Moussouri T. A context for the development of learning outcomes in museums, libraries and archives. 2002.
39
McCallie E, Bell L, Lohwater T, et al. Many Experts, Many Audiences: Public Engagement with Science and Informal Science Education. 2009.
40
Macdonald S. A companion to museum studies. Malden, Mass: Blackwell 2006.
41
Knowles MS. The Future of Lifelong Learning. Museums, adults, and the humanities: a guide for educational programming. Washington, D.C.: American Association of Museums 1981:131–43.
42
Hooper-Greenhill E. Developing a scheme for finding evidence of the outcomes and impact of learning in museums, archives and libraries: the conceptual framework. 2002.
43
Hooper-Greenhill E, Moussouri T. Researching learning in museums and galleries 1990-1999: a bibliographic review.
44
Hooper-Greenhill E, Moussouri T, Dodd J, et al. Measuring the outcomes and impact of learning in museums, libraries and archives.
45
Hiemstra R. The Implications of Lifelong Learning. Museums, adults, and the humanities: a guide for educational programming. Washington, D.C.: American Association of Museums 1981:131–46.
46
Hein G. Constructivist Learning Theory’. The Museum and the Needs of People: ICOMCECA Annual Conference, Jerusalem. 1991:90–1.
47
Hein G. The constructivist museum. Journal of Education in Museums. 1995;16.
48
Hein GE. Learning in the museum. New York: Routledge 1998.
49
Haas NT. Project Explore: How Children are Really Learning in Children’s Museums. Visitor Studies. 1996;9.
50
Griffin J. Learning to learn in informal science settings. Research in Science Education. 1994;24:121–8. doi: 10.1007/BF02356336
51
Falk JH, Moussouri T, Coulson D. The Effect of Visitors ‘ Agendas on Museum Learning. Curator: The Museum Journal. 1998;41:107–20. doi: 10.1111/j.2151-6952.1998.tb00822.x
52
Falk JH, Dierking LD, American Association of Museums. Public institutions for personal learning: establishing a research agenda. Washington: American Association of Museums 1995.
53
Falk JH, Dierking LD. School Field Trips: Assessing Their Long-Term Impact. Curator: The Museum Journal. 1997;40:211–8. doi: 10.1111/j.2151-6952.1997.tb01304.x
54
Durbin G, Group for Education in Museums. Developing museum exhibitions for lifelong learning. London: The Stationary Office, HMSO 1996.
55
Claxton G. Wise up: the challenge of lifelong learning. New York: Bloomsbury 1999.
56
Hirzy EC, American Association of Museums. Excellence and equity: education and the public dimension of museums. Washington, D.C: American association of museums 1992.
57
Anderson D, Great Britain. A common wealth: museums and learning in the United Kingdom. [London]: Department of National Heritage 1997.
58
Adams M, Moussouri T. The interactive experience: linking research and practice. V&A conference proceedings: Interactive Learning in Museums of Art and Design. 2002.
59
Adams M, Luke J, Moussouri T. Interactivity: Moving Beyond Terminology. Curator: The Museum Journal. 2004;47:155–70. doi: 10.1111/j.2151-6952.2004.tb00115.x
60
Hood M. Staying away: why people choose not to visit museums. Museum news. 1983;61:50–7.
61
Silverman L. The Therapeutic Potential of Museums: A Guide to Social Service/Museum Collaboration. USA: Institute of Museum and Library Services, 1998 1998.
62
Lucy Phillips. Social Impact of Arts Programmes (The Social Impact of the Arts: Working Paper). Comedia .
63
Reason P. Three Approaches to Participative Inquiry. Handbook of qualitative research. Thousand Oaks: Sage 1994.
64
Prentice R, Davies A, Beeho A. Seeking Generic Motivations for Visiting and Not Visiting Museums and Like Cultural Attractions. Museum Management and Curatorship. 1997;16:45–70. doi: 10.1080/09647779700501601
65
Moore M, Beazley S, Maelzer J. Researching disability issues. Buckingham: Open University Press 1998.
66
Merriman N. Beyond the glass case: the past, the heritage and the public in Britain. Leicester: Leicester University Press 1991.
67
Mcmanus P. Good companions: More on the social determination of learning-related behaviour in a science museum. Museum Management and Curatorship. 1988;7:37–44. doi: 10.1016/0260-4779(88)90049-0
68
Matarasso F. Defining Values: Evaluating Arts Programmes’, The Social Impact of Arts Programmes, Working Paper 1. 1997.
69
McManus P. It’s the company you keep …:The social determination of learning-related behaviour in a science museum. Museum Management and Curatorship. 1987;6:263–70. doi: 10.1016/0260-4779(87)90032-X
70
Matarasso F. Use or Ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts. 1997.
71
Macdonald S, Silverstone R. Science on Display: The Representation of Scientific Controversy in Museum Exhibitions. Public Understanding of Science. 1992;1:69–88. doi: 10.1088/0963-6625/1/1/010
72
Linton J, Young G. A Survey of Visitors at an Art Gallery, Cultural History Museum, Science Centre, and Zoo. ILVS review: a journal of visitor behavior. 1988;2.
73
Lawson A, Gooding C. Disability rights in Europe: from theory to practice. Oxford: Hart 2005.
74
Kavanagh G. What Role Do Oral Testimony and Reminiscence Work Have in Making History? Museums journal. 1990;April.
75
Hooper-Greenhill E, Sandell R, Moussouri T, et al. Museums and social inclusion – The GLLAM report. 2000.
76
Hooper-Greenhill E. Museums and the interpretation of visual culture. London: Routledge 2000.
77
Hooper-Greenhill E. Museums and their visitors. London: Routledge 1994.
78
Hood M. Leisure Criteria of Family Participation and Non-participation in Museums. Museum visits and activities for family life enrichment. New York: Haworth 1989:151–69.
79
Gurian EH. Civilizing the museum: the collected writings of Elaine Heumann Gurian. London: Routledge 2006.
80
Golding V. Learning at the museum frontiers: identity, race and power. Farnham: Ashgate 2009.
81
Golding V. Meaning and Truth in Multicultural Museum Education. Cultural diversity: developing museum audiences in Britain. London: Leicester University Press 1997:203–25.
82
Freedlander Gibans N, Kres Beach B. Introduction: Learning about Collaborative Learning - A Children’s Museum Community of Scholars and Practitioners. Bridges to understanding children’s museums. [s.l.]: Nina F. Gibans 1999:1–12.
83
Durrans B. The Future of the Other: Changing Cultures on Display in Ethnographic Museums. The museum time-machine: putting cultures on display. London: Routledge 1988:144–69.
84
Dufresne-Tasse C. Andragogy (adult education) in the Museum: A Critical Analysis and New Formulation. Museum, media, message. London: Routledge 1994:144–69.
85
Centres for Social Change: Museums, Galleries and Archives for All. 2000.
86
Schuster JMD. The audience for American art museums. Washington: Seven Locks Press 1991.
87
Cochran H. True Needs-True Partners: Museums and Schools Transforming Education. Washington, DC, USA: Institute of Museum Services 1996.
88
CASE programme: understanding the drivers, impacts and value of engagement in culture and sport - Publications - GOV.UK. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/case-programme-understanding-the-drivers-impacts-and-value-of-engagement-in-culture-and-sport
89
Oliver M, Barton L. Disability studies: past, present and future. Leeds: The Disability Press 1997.
90
A review of research and literature on museums and libraries. 2011. http://www.artscouncil.org.uk/publication_archive/museums-and-libraries-research-review/
91
Culture, knowledge and understanding: great museums and libraries for everyone. 2011.
92
Achieving great art for everyone: A strategic framework for the arts. 2011.
93
Arts Council England: Creative media policy |. http://www.artscouncil.org.uk/advice-and-guidance/browse-advice-and-guidance/creative-media-policy
94
Arts Council England | Arts Council. http://www.artscouncil.org.uk/
95
An archive of The Campaign for Museums website | Culture24.
96
Museums, libraries and archives - learning - Home. http://www.inspiringlearningforall.gov.uk/
97
Department for Culture, Media & Sport - GOV.UK. https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-for-culture-media-sport
98
Butler, Barbara, Sussman, Marvin B. Museum visits and activities for family life enrichment. London: Haworth 1989.
99
Cochran (ed.) H. True Needs True Partners: Museums and Schools Transforming Education. 1996.
100
DCMS. Museums for the many: standards for museums and galleries to use when developing access policies. 1999.
101
DCMS. Policy Action Team 10: report on social exclusion . 1999.
102
Dufresne-Tasse C. Andragogy (adult education) in the Museum: A Critical Analysis and New Formulation. Museum, media, message. New York: Routledge 1994:245–59.
103
Durrans B. The future of the Other: changing cultures on display in ethnographic museums. The museum time-machine: putting cultures on display. London: Routledge 1988:144–69.
104
Gibans NF, Beach BK. Introduction: Learning about Collaborative Learning : A children’s museum community of scholars and practitioners. Bridges to understanding children’s museums. [s.l.]: Nina F. Gibans 1999:1–12.
105
Golding V. Meaning and Truth in Multicultural Museum Education. Cultural diversity: developing museum audiences in Britain. London: Leicester University Press 1997:203–25.
106
Golding, Vivien. Learning at the museum frontiers: identity, race and power. Farnham: Ashgate 2009.
107
Group for Large Local Authority Museums. Museums and social inclusion : the GLLAM report . 2002.
108
Gurian, Elaine Heumann. Civilizing the museum: the collected writings of Elaine Heumann Gurian. London: Routledge 2006.
109
Hood M. Leisure Criteria of Family Participation and Non-participation in Museums. Museum visits and activities for family life enrichment. London: Haworth 1989:151–69.
110
Hooper-Greenhill, Eilean. Museums and the interpretation of visual culture. London: Routledge 2000.
111
Hooper-Greenhill, Eilean. Museums and their visitors. London: Routledge 1994.
112
Kavanagh G. Precious: What role do oral testimony and reminiscence work have in making history? Museums journal. 1999;99.
113
Gooding, Caroline, Lawson, Anna. Disability rights in Europe: from theory to practice. Oxford: Hart 2005.
114
Linton J, Young G. A survey of visitors at an art gallery, cultural history museum, science centre, and zoo. ILVS review: a journal of visitor behavior. 1992;2:239–59.
115
Macdonald S, Silverstone R. Science on display: the representation of scientific controversy in museum exhibitions. Public Understanding of Science. 1992;1:69–88. doi: 10.1088/0963-6625/1/1/010
116
Matarasso F. Defining values : evaluating arts programmes. 1996.
117
Matarasso F. Use or Ornament? The Social Impact of Participation in the Arts.
118
McManus P. Good companions: More on the social determination of learning-related behaviour in a science museum. Museum Management and Curatorship. 1988;7:37–44. doi: 10.1016/0260-4779(88)90049-0
119
McManus P. It’s the company you keep … The social determination of learning-related behaviour in a science museum. Museum Management and Curatorship. 1987;6:263–70. doi: 10.1016/0260-4779(87)90032-X
120
Merriman, Nick. Beyond the glass case: the past, the heritage and the public. London: Institute of Archaeology, University College London 2000.
121
Moore, Michele, Beazley, Sarah, Maelzer, June. Researching disability issues. Buckingham: Open University Press 1998.
122
Prentice R. Seeking Generic Motivations for Visiting and Not Visiting Museums and Like Cultural Attractions. Museum Management and Curatorship. 1997;16:45–70. doi: 10.1016/S0260-4779(97)89078-4
123
Reason P. Three Approaches to Participative Inquiry. Handbook of qualitative research. London: Sage Publications 2000:324–39.
124
Schuster, J. Mark Davidson. The audience for American art museums. Washington: Seven Locks Press 1991.
125
Williams D. How the Arts Measure Up: Australian Research into Social Impact. Working Paper . COMEDIA 1997.
126
Falk JH, Dierking LD, Foutz S. In principle, in practice: museums as learning institutions. Lanham, Md: Altamira Press 2007.
127
Lindauer M. Critical museum pedagogy and exhibition development. Museum revolutions : how museums change and are changed / edited by Simon J. Knell, Suzanne MacLeod and Sheila Watson. 303–14.
128
Gardner H. Challenges For Museum: Howard Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences. Hand to Hand. 1988;2.
129
Digital Participation and Learning: 22 Case Studies. 2011.
130
Anderson, David, Great Britain. A common wealth: museums and learning in the United Kingdom. 1997.
131
Ansbacher T. John Dewey’s Experience and Education: Lessons for Museums. Curator: The Museum Journal. 1998;41:36–50. doi: 10.1111/j.2151-6952.1998.tb00812.x
132
Bell, Philip, National Research Council (U.S.). Learning science in informal environments: people, places, and pursuits. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press 2009.
133
Black LA. Applying Learning Theory in the Development of a Museum Learning Environment. What research says about learning in science museums. Washington, D.C: Association of Science-Technology Centers 1990:23–5.
134
Csikszentmihalyi M. Human Behavior and the Science Centre. Science Learning in the Informal Setting . Chicago: Chicago Academy of Sciences 1988:79–88.
135
Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly, Robinson, Rick Emery. The art of seeing: an interpretation of the aesthetic encounter. Malibu, Calif: J.P. Getty Museum and Getty Center for Education in the Arts 1990.
136
Csikszentmihalyi M, Hermanson K. Intrinsic Motivation in Museums: Why Does One Want to Learn? Young Children . Washington: American Association of Museums 1995:67–78.
137
Durbin, Gail, Group for Education in Museums. Developing museum exhibitions for lifelong learning. London: The Stationary Office, HMSO 1996.
138
Dyson AH. Symbol Makers, Symbol Weavers: How Children Link Play, Pictures, and Print. Young Children. 1990;45 (January).
139
Hooper-Greenhill, Eilean. The educational role of the museum. 2nd ed. London: Routledge 1999.
140
Falk JH, Dierking LD. Learning from Museums: An Introduction. Learning from museums: visitor experiences and the making of meaning. Oxford: AltaMira Press 2000:1–14.
141
Falk, John H., Dierking, Lynn D., Boyd, W. L. The museum experience. Washington, D.C.: Whalesback Books 1992.
142
Faure E, et. al. Elements for Contemporary Strategies: Innovations and Search for Alternatives. Family, work and education: a reader. Sevenoaks: Hodder and Stoughton in association with the Open University Press 1980:351–79.
143
International Commission on the Development of Education. Learning to be : the world of education today and tomorrow. 1972.
144
Frost, Joe L., Kissinger, Joan B. The young child and the educative process. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston 1976.
145
Howard Gardner, Howard Gardner. The arts and human development. New York: Wiley 1973.
146
Gardner, Howard. The unschooled mind: how children think and how schools should teach. London: Fontana Press 1993.
147
Gardner, Howard. Frames of mind: the theory of multiple intelligences. 20th anniversary ed. New York, NY: Basic Books 2004.
148
Griffin J, Symington D. Moving from task-oriented to learning-oriented strategies on school excursions to museums. Science education. 1998;81:763–79.
149
Hein, George E. Learning in the museum. [S.l.]: Taylor & Francis 2001.
150
Hein G. A Reply to Miles’ Commentary on Constructivism. Visitor behavior. 1997;XII:14–5.
151
Hooper-Greenhill E. Changing Values in the Art Museum: rethinking communication and learning. International Journal of Heritage Studies. 2000;6:9–31. doi: 10.1080/135272500363715
152
Hooper-Greenhill E. Museum Learners as Active Post-modernists: Contextualising Constructivism. JEM: journal of education in museums. 1997;18:1–4.
153
Hooper-Greenhill E. Museum Learners as Active Postmodernists: Contextualizing Constructivism. The educational role of the museum. London: Routledge 1999:67–72.
154
Matusov E, Rogoff B. Evidence of development from people’s participation in communities of learners. Public institutions for personal learning: establishing a research agenda. Washington: American Association of Museums 1995:97–104.
155
R. M. No Royal Road to Learning: A Commentary on Constructivism. Visitor behavior. 1997;XII:7–13.
156
Moll, Luis C. Vygotsky and education: instructional implications and applications of socio-historical psychology. New ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1992.
157
Ogbu JU. The Influence of culture on learning and behaviour. Public institutions for personal learning: establishing a research agenda. Washington: American Association of Museums 1995:79–96.
158
Piaget, Jean. Play, dreams and imitation in childhood. London: Heinemann 1951.
159
Roschelle J. Learning in interactive environments: prior knowledge and new experience. Public institutions for personal learning: establishing a research agenda. Washington: American Association of Museums 1995:37–51.
160
Silverman L. Visitor Meaning-Making in Museums for a New Age. Curator. 1995;38:161–70.
161
Sund RB. Piaget’s Theory: an exploration. Piaget for educators. Columbus: Merrill 1982:22–42.
162
Wenger, Etienne. Communities of practice: learning, meaning, and identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1998.
163
Hooper-Greenhill E. Changing Values in the Art Museum: rethinking communication and learning. International Journal of Heritage Studies. 2000;6:9–31. doi: 10.1080/135272500363715
164
Knez EI, Wright G. The museum as a communication system: an assessment of Cameron’s viewpoint. Curator. 1970;13:204–12.
165
Rice D. Modern art: making people mad? Museum news. 1997;53–8.
166
Macdonald S. The politics of display: museums, science, culture. London: Routledge 1997.
167
Luke TW. Shows of force: power, politics, and ideology in art exhibitions. Durham, NC: Duke University Press 1992.
168
Csikszentmihalyi M, Hermanson K. Intrinsic Motivation in Museums: Why Does one Want to Learn? Public institutions for personal learning: establishing a research agenda. Washington: American Association of Museums 1995:67–78.
169
Hooper-Greenhill E. The educational role of the museum. 2nd ed. London: Routledge 1999.
170
Conn S. Museums and American intellectual life, 1876-1926. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press 1998.
171
Cameron D. A viewpoint: the museum as a communication system and implications for museum education. Curator. 1968;11:33–40.
172
Eason, David, Avery, Robert K. Critical perspectives on media and society. London: Guilford Press 1991.
173
Bocock, Robert. Consumption. London: Routledge 1993.
174
Carey, James W. Communication as culture: essays on media and society. Boston: Unwin Hyman 1989.
175
Fiske, John. Introduction to communication studies. London, New York: Methuen 1982.
176
Heath, Robert L., Bryant, Jennings. Human communication theory and research: concepts, contexts, and challenges. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge 2008.
177
Jankowski, Nick, Jensen, Klaus. A Handbook of qualitative methodologies for mass communication research. London: Routledge 1991.
178
Jesus Martin-Barbero. Communication, Culture and Hegemony. Sage Publications Ltd .
179
McQuail, Denis. McQuail’s mass communication theory. 5th ed. London: SAGE 2005.
180
McQuail, Denis. Media performance: mass communication and the public interest. London: Sage Publications 1992.
181
McQuail, Denis, Windahl, Sven. Communication models: for the study of mass communications. London: Longman 1981.
182
van Kraayenoord CE, Paris SG. Reading objects. Perspectives on object-centered learning in museums. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates 2002:215–34.
183
Hodder I. Chapter : The contextual analysis of symbolic meaning. Interpreting objects and collections. 1994;Leicester readers in museum studies:1–10.
184
Pearce S. Museum objects. Interpreting objects and collections. London: Routledge 1994:9–11.
185
Hodder, Ian. The Archaeology of contextual meanings. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1987.
186
Durbin G, et al. . A Teacher’s Guide to Learning from Objects. English Heritage 1990.
187
Hooper-Greenhill, Eilean. Museum and gallery education. Leicester: Leicester University Press 1991.
188
Pearce SM. Thinking about things. Interpreting objects and collections. London: Routledge 1994:125–32.
189
Paris SG. Perspectives on object-centered learning in museums. Mahwah, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates 2002.
190
Chatterjee H, MacDonald S, Prytherch D, et al. Touch in museums: policy and practice in object handling. Oxford: Berg 2008.
191
Carr D. Museums, educative: an encyclopedia entry. The promise of cultural institutions. Oxford: AltaMira Press 2003:17–35.
192
MacDonald, Sally, Prytherch, David, Chatterjee, Helen, et al. Touch in museums: policy and practice in object handling. Oxford: Berg 2008.
193
Cooksey, Cynthia. A teacher’s guide to using abbeys. [London]: English Heritage 1992.
194
Copeland, Tim. A teacher’s guide to maths and the historic environment. [London]: English Heritage 1991.
195
Copeland, Tim. A teacher’s guide to geography and the historic environment. [London]: English Heritage 1993.
196
Copeland, Tim. A teacher’s guide to using castles. [London]: English Heritage 1994.
197
Cummings, Neil, Lewandowska, Marysia. The value of things. Basel: Birkhäuser 2000.
198
E.M. E, Mull MS, Poling DA. The authentic object? A child’s-eye view. Perspectives on object-centered learning in museums. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates 2002:55–77.
199
Hooper-Greenhill E. The power of museum pedagogy. Museum philosophy for the twenty-first century. Lanham, Md: Altamira Press 2006:235–45.
200
Keith, Crispin. A teacher’s guide to using listed buildings. [London]: English Heritage 1991.
201
Paris S. Children learning with objects in informal learning environments. Perspectives on object-centered learning in museums. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates 2002:37–54.
202
Pearce, Susan M. Museums, objects and collections: a cultural study. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press 1993.
203
Pearce SM. Objects as meaning; or narrating the past. Interpreting objects and collections. London: Routledge 1994:19–29.
204
Pearce, Susan M. On collecting: an investigation into collecting in the European tradition. London: Routledge 1995.
205
Pownall, Jane, Stone, Peter G. A teacher’s guide to science and the historic environment. [London]: English Heritage 1992.
206
Pye E. Introduction: the power of touch. The power of touch: handling objects in museum and heritage contexts. Walnut Creek, Calif: Left Coast Press 2007:13–30.
207
Spence C. Making sense of touch: a multisensory approach to the perception of objects. The power of touch: handling objects in museum and heritage contexts. Walnut Creek, Calif: Left Coast Press 2007.
208
Wing A, Giachritsis C, Roberts R. Weighing up the value of touch. The power of touch: handling objects in museum and heritage contexts. Walnut Creek, Calif: Left Coast Press 2007:31–44.
209
McLean K, Association of Science-Technology Centers. Planning for people in museum exhibitions. Washington, D.C.: Association of Science-Technology Centers 1993.
210
Simon N. The Participatory Museum. Santa Cruz 2010.
211
Bicknell, Sandra, Farmelo, Graham, Science Museum (Great Britain). Museum visitor studies in the 90s. London: Science Museum 1993.
212
Hood M. Visitor Surveys: Who Visits and Who Doesn’t? Getting Started in Audience Research. Introduction to museum evaluation. Washington, D.C.: American Association of Museums 1999:11–7.
213
Bitgood S. Introduction: Visitor Studies in 1990. Visitor studies: theory, research, and practice, volume 3. Jacksonville, Ala: Center for Social Design 1991:7–15.
214
Bitgood S, Benefield A. Critical Appraisal of the Heart Exhibition at the Franklin Institute of Science. Visitor behavior. 1995;X:14–6.
215
Davies, Stuart, Great Britain. By popular demand: a strategic analysis of the market potential for museums and art galleries in the UK. London: Museums & Galleries Commission 1994.
216
Dierking, Lynn D., Pollock, Wendy. Questioning assumptions: an introduction to front-end studies in museums. Washington, D.C.: Association of Science-Technology Centers 1998.
217
Eratuuli M, Sneider C. The experiences of visitors in a physics discovery room. Science education. 1990;74:481–93.
218
Falk J. Analysis of the Behavior of Family Visitors in Natural History Museums. Curator. 1991;34:44–50.
219
Falk J, Dierking LD. The Effect of Visitation Frequency on Long-Term Recollection. Visitor studies: theory, research, and practice, volume 3. Jacksonville, Ala: Center for Social Design 1991:94–103.
220
Falk J. Testing a museum exhibition design assumption: Effect of explicit labeling of exhibit clusters on visitor concept development. Science Education. 1997;81:679–87.
221
Feher E. Interactive Museum Exhibits as Tools for Learning: Explorations with Light. International Journal of Science Education. 1990;12:35–49.
222
Feher E. Learning Science with Interactive Exhibits. Curator. 1993;36:246–8.
223
Feher E, Diamond J. Science Centres As Research Laboratories. What research says about learning in science museums. Washington, D.C: Association of Science-Technology Centers 1990:26–8.
224
Friedman AJ. Why Museums Don’t Evaluate. Visitor behavior. 1996;XI:6–8.
225
Hayward J. An Evaluator’s Point of View. ILVS review: a journal of visitor behavior. 1992;2:287–92.
226
Watson, Philip J., McManus, Paulette M., Jones, Jane Peirson, et al. Gallery 33: a visitor study. Birmingham: Birmingham Museums and Art Gallery 1993.
227
Kamien J. An Exhibit Developer’s Viewpoint. ILVS review: a journal of visitor behavior. 1992;2:293–8.
228
Lawrence G. Rats, Street Gangs and Culture: Evaluation in Museums. Museum languages: objects and texts. Leicester: Leicester University Press 1991:9–32.
229
Middleton VTC. Structural trends in society influencing the future for museums. New visions for museums in the 21st century. London: Association of Independent Museums 1998:27–52.
230
Moussouri T, et al. Front-end and formative evaluation of an exhibition on Greek Mathematics. Current Trends in Audience Research and Evaluation. 2003;16:42–7.
231
Association M. Various articles on AV & Multimedia . Museum Practice. 1998;9:32–90.
232
Newman A. Evaluating a web site for museums. Museum Practice. 1999;11:45–7.
233
Pardo J. Audiovisual installation as a strategy for the modernization of heritage presentation spaces. ICOM / AVICOM Study Series . 1998;5:17–21.
234
Peterson AJ. Evaluation of Hypermedia and Interactivity in the Museum: A Constructivist Approach to Instructional Design. Hypermedia & interactivity in museums: proceedings of an international conference [October 14-16, 1991, Sheraton Station Square, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]. [Pittsburgh, Pa.]: Archives & Museum Informatics 1991:74–80.
235
Resource: The Council for Museums, Archives and Libraries. Renaissance in the regions: a new vision for England’s museums. [London]: Resource 2001.
236
Screven C. Uses of evaluation before, during and after exhibit design. ILVS review: a journal of visitor behavior. 1990;1:36–66.
237
Brown, Geoffrey, Selwood, Sara. The UK cultural sector: profile and policy issues. London: Policy Studies Institute 2001.
238
Shettel HH. Research and Evaluation: Two Concepts or One? Visitor studies: theory, research, and practice, volume 3. Jacksonville, Ala: Center for Social Design 1991:35–9.
239
Shettel H. Some Thoughts on the Politics of Evaluation. Visitor behaviour. 1996;X1:3–3.
240
SOREN B. Triangulation strategies and images of museums as sites for lifelong learning. Museum Management and Curatorship. 1995;14:31–46. doi: 10.1016/0260-4779(95)00011-G
241
Spock M. Evaluation Climates and Conversations. Visitor Behavior. 1996;XI:8–10.
242
Sykes M. Evaluating Exhibits for Children: What Is a Meaningful Play Experience? Visitor studies: theory, research, and practice, volume 4. Jacksonville, Ala: Center for Social Design 1992:227–33.
243
Bitgood S. Glossary of Visitor Studies. Visitor Behavior. 1993;VIII:8–11.
244
Research Cemtre for Museums and Galleries. http://www2.le.ac.uk/departments/museumstudies/rcmg
245
V&A evaluation reports. http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/l/evaluation-at-the-v-and-a/
246
British Museum - Visitor research. http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/research_projects/all_current_projects/visitor_research.aspx
247
NFS-Division of Research on Learning in Formal and Informal Settings (DRL) - US National Science Foundation (NSF). http://www.nsf.gov/div/index.jsp?div=DRL
248
Strategic Content Alliance: Audience Development and Engagement Research. http://sca.jiscinvolve.org/wp/allpublications/audience-publications/
249
Bamberger M, Segone M. How to design and manage equity focused evaluations. 2011.
250
IMLS-Shaping outcomes.
251
Basic Guide to Outcomes-Based Evaluation for Nonprofit Organizations with Very Limited Resources. http://managementhelp.org/evaluation/outcomes-evaluation-guide.htm
252
Connecting Classrooms with the British Council. https://schoolsonline.britishcouncil.org/about-schools-online/about-programmes/connecting-classrooms
253
Science and the Public: A Review of Science Communication and Public Attitudes to Science in Britain.
254
Public attitudes to science 2008.
255
MORI: Public Attitudes to Science 2011.
256
MORI: Science in Society. https://www.ipsos-mori.com/Assets/Docs/Polls/Final_OSTreport_051110.PDF
257
British Interactive Group (BIG) - Home.
258
Informal Learning Experiences, Inc.
259
The Informal Learning Review - Archive.
260
Museums Australia: Evaluation and Visitor Research (EVR) Special Interest Group.
261
Ipsos MORI | A leading market research company in the UK and Ireland.
262
Ipsos MORI | Poll | Public Attitudes to Science 2011.
263
British Association: ConnectingScience.
264
Home | The Visitor Studies Group.
265
Visitor Studies Association - Home.
266
W. K. Kellogg Foundation.
267
W.K Kellogg Foundation: Rapid appraisal methods.
268
W.K. Kellogg Foundation Evaluation Handbook - W.K. Kellogg Foundation.
269
Diamond J. Chapter 5: Interviews and Questionnaires. Practical evaluation guide: tools for museums and other informal educational settings. Lanham, Md: AltaMira 1999:83–114.
270
Chadwick J, Boverie P. A Survey of Characteristics and Patterns of Behavior in Visitors to a Museum Web Site. Museums and the Web 1999: selected papers from an international conference, New Orleans, Louisiana, March 11-14, 1999. 1999.
271
Coe J Charles, Roesch C Lee, Robinson, Bitgood S, et al. Children’s drawings: new tools for zoo exhibit evaluation. Visitor studies: theory, research, and practice, volume 2 ; proceedings of the 1989 Visitor Studies Conference. Jacksonville, Ala: Center for Social Design 1989:87–100.
272
Denzin, Norman K., Lincoln, Yvonna S. Handbook of qualitative research. 2nd ed. London: Sage Publications 2000.
273
Dierking, Lynn D., Pollock, Wendy. Questioning assumptions: an introduction to front-end studies in museums. Washington, D.C.: Association of Science-Technology Centers 1998.
274
Korpan C, et al. . What did you learn outside of school today? Using structured interviews to document home and community activities related to science and technology. Science Education. 1997;81:651–62.
275
Moussouri T. The Use of Children’s Drawings as an Evaluation Tool in the Museum. Museological Review. 1997;4:40–50.
276
White, Richard T., Gunstone, Richard F. Probing understanding. London: Falmer 1992.
277
W. K. Kellogg Foundation.
278
W.K Kellogg Foundation: Rapid appraisal methods.
279
W.K. Kellogg Foundation Evaluation Handbook - W.K. Kellogg Foundation.
280
Dierking LD, Pollock W. Questioning assumptions: an introduction to front-end studies in museums. Washington, D.C.: Association of Science-Technology Centers 1998.
281
Diamond J. Practical evaluation guide: tools for museums and other informal educational settings. Lanham, Md: AltaMira 1999.
282
Denzin NK, Lincoln YS. Data management and analysis methods. Handbook of qualitative research. London: Sage 1994:428–44.
283
Dierking LD. What does it all mean? Interpreting and applying your results. Questioning assumptions: an introduction to front-end studies in museums. Washington, D.C.: Association of Science-Technology Centers 1998:57–68.
284
Best, Joel. Damned lies and statistics: untangling numbers from the media, politicians, and activists. Berkeley: University of California Press 2001.
285
Black, Thomas R. Evaluating social science research: an introduction. London: Sage Publications 1993.
286
Cameron, Deborah. Working with spoken discourse. London: SAGE 2001.
287
Corbin, Juliet M., Strauss, Anselm L., Strauss, Anselm L. Basics of qualitative research: techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. 3rd ed. London: Sage 2008.
288
Fielding, Nigel, Lee, Raymond M. Computer analysis and qualitative research. London: SAGE 1998.
289
Mason, Jennifer. Qualitative researching. 2nd ed. London: Sage 2002.
290
Miles, Matthew B., Huberman, A. M. Qualitative data analysis: an expanded sourcebook. 2nd ed. London: Sage 1994.
291
Silverman, David. Interpreting qualitative data: methods for analyzing talk, text and interaction. 3rd ed. London: SAGE 2006.
292
Selinda Research Associates. http://www.selindaresearch.com/
293
Australian Museum. http://australianmuseum.net.au/Audience-Research
294
Research Cemtre for Museums and Galleries. http://www2.le.ac.uk/departments/museumstudies/rcmg
295
V&A evaluation reports. http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/l/evaluation-at-the-v-and-a/
296
Center for Advancement of Informal Science Education. https://www.informalscience.org/center-advancement-informal-science-education-2016-2021
297
British Museum - Visitor research. http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/research_projects/all_current_projects/visitor_research.aspx
298
Durbin, Gail, Group for Education in Museums. Developing museum exhibitions for lifelong learning. London: The Stationary Office, HMSO 1996.
299
Hooper-Greenhill, Eilean. The educational role of the museum. 2nd ed. London: Routledge 1999.
300
Hooper-Greenhill, Eilean, University of Leicester. Writing a museum education policy. Leicester: Dept. of Museum Studies, University of Leicester 1991.
301
Pearce SM. Meaning as structure. Museums, objects and collections: a cultural study. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press 1993:166–91.
302
Anderson, David, Great Britain. A common wealth: museums and learning in the United Kingdom. 1997.
303
Hooper-Greenhill, Eilean. Museums and their visitors. London: Routledge 1994.
304
Hughes, Catherine. Museum theatre: communicating with visitors through drama. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann 1998.
305
Paris, Scott G. Perspectives on object-centered learning in museums. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates 2002.
306
Pearce, Susan M. Interpreting objects and collections. London: Routledge 1994.
307
Museums Association of Pakistan. Working with designers 2: keeping control. Museums journal. 1990;6:29–33.
308
Lawrie, Alan. The complete guide to creating and managing new projects: for voluntary organisations. 2nd ed. London: Directory of Social Change 2002.
309
Harrison R. Project management. Manual of museum planning: sustainable space, facilities, and operations. Lanham, Md: AltaMira Press 2012:247–54.
310
Martin D. Working with designers 1: getting started. Museums journal. 1990;90 (a):31–8.
311
Martin D. Working with designers 3: constructive roles. Museums journal. 1990;90 (c):33–7.
312
Spencer H. An overview of the exhibition planning process. The manual of museum planning. London: The Stationery Office 1999:79–83.
313
Toppin G. Project management: how to keep major projects under control. Museum development. 1991;March:20–4.
314
Velarde, Giles. Designing exhibitions: museums, heritage, trade and world fairs. 2nd ed. Aldershot: Ashgate 2001.
315
Hog Hansen A, Moussouri T. Fuzzy boundaries: communites of practice and exhibition teams in European natural history museums. Museum and society. 2004;2:35–68.
316
Lawrie, Alan. The complete guide to creating and managing new projects: for voluntary organisations. 2nd ed. London: Directory of Social Change 2002.
317
Lock, Dennis. The essentials of project management. 2nd ed. Aldershot: Gower 2001.
318
Martin D. Working with designers 1: getting started. Museums journal. 1990;90 (a):31–9.
319
Martin D. Working with designers 2: keeping control. Museums journal. 1990;90 (b):29–33.
320
Martin D. Working with designers 3: constructive roles. Museums journal. 1990;90 (c):33–7.
321
Screven, Chandler G., Blais, Andrée, Société des musées québécois, et al. Text in the exhibition medium. Montréal: Société des musées québécois 1995.
322
Coxal H. Museum text: accessibility and relevance. Journal of education in museums. 1991;12:9–10.
323
Stannett A. Reading between the lines. Interpretation: Journal of the association for heritage interpretation. 1998;8:5–7.
324
McManus PM. Written communications for museums and heritage sites. Archaeological displays and the public: museology and interpretation. London: Archetype 2000:97–112.
325
Carter J. How old is this text? The educational role of the museum. London: Routledge 1999:211–5.
326
Devenish D. Labelling in museum display A survey and practical guide. Museum Management and Curatorship. 1990;9:63–72. doi: 10.1016/0260-4779(90)90026-A
327
Durbin, Gail, Group for Education in Museums. Developing museum exhibitions for lifelong learning. London: The Stationary Office, HMSO 1996.
328
Ekarv M. Combating redundancy: writing texts for exhibitions. The educational role of the museum. London: Routledge 1999:201–4.
329
Fairclough, Norman. Language and power. 2nd ed. Harlow, Eng: Longman 2001.
330
Fairclough, Norman. Critical language awareness. London: Longman 1992.
331
King R. Portrait in Focus: labelling for fine art | Museums Association. Museum Practice. 1998;11:42–3.
332
Serrell, Beverly. Making exhibit labels: a step by step guide. Nashville, Tenn: AASLH Press 1988.
333
Serrell, Beverly. Exhibit labels: an interpretive approach. Oxford: Alta Mira 1996.
334
Visitor Behaviour: Special Issue on Exhibit Learning. 1989;4.
335
Adams M, et al . Interactivity: Moving Beyond Terminology. Curator. 2004;47:155–70.
336
Alsop S, Watts M. Sources from a Somerset village: A model for informal learning about radiation and radioactivity. Science Education. 1997;81:633–50.
337
Bitgood S. School Field Trips: An Overview. Visitor behavior. 1989;IV:3–6.
338
Bitgood, Stephen, Jacksonville State University, National Association for Research in Science Teaching. Understanding the public’s attitudes toward and behavior in museums, parks, and zoos. Jacksonville, Ala: Jacksonville State University, Psychology Institute 1987.
339
Bitgood S, Bishop S. The Role of a Current Visit, Prior Visits, and Gender on Visitor Perception of a Natural History Museum. ILVS review: a journal of visitor behavior. 1991;2:49–65.
340
Blud L. Social interaction and learning among family groups visiting a museum. Museum Management and Curatorship. 1990;9:43–51. doi: 10.1016/0260-4779(90)90024-8
341
Blud L. Observations on the way families interact during a museum visit. Museum Management and Curatorship. 1990;9:257–64. doi: 10.1016/0964-7775(90)90037-8
342
Borun M. Naive Notions and the Design of Science Museum Exhibits. What research says about learning in science museums. 1993;1–4.
343
Borun M, Dritsas J. Developing Family-Friendly Exhibits. Curator: The Museum Journal. 1997;40:178–96. doi: 10.1111/j.2151-6952.1997.tb01302.x
344
Borun M, Chambers MB, Dritsas J, et al. Enhancing Family Learning Through Exhibits. Curator: The Museum Journal. 1997;40:279–95. doi: 10.1111/j.2151-6952.1997.tb01313.x
345
Borun et al. M. Families are learning in Science Museums. Curator. 1996;39:123–38.
346
Borun M. Naive notions and the Design of Science. What research says about learning in science museums. 1993;1–4. http://informalscience.org/researches/VSA-a0a5f9-a_5730.pdf
347
Bourdieu, Pierre, Darbel, Alain, Beattie, Caroline, et al. The love of art: European art museums and their public. Cambridge: Polity Press 1991.
348
Lynn D. Dierking. The Family Museum Experience: Implications from Research. The Journal of Museum Education. 1989;14:9–11.
349
Crowley K, Callanan M. Describing and Supporting Collaborative Scientific Thinking in Parent-Child Interactions. Journal of Museum Education. 1998;23:12–7.
350
Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly, Robinson, Rick Emery. The art of seeing: an interpretation of the aesthetic encounter. Malibu, Calif: J.P. Getty Museum and Getty Center for Education in the Arts 1990.
351
Diamond J. The Behavior of Family Groups in Science Museums. Curator. 1986;29:139–54. doi: 10.1111/j.2151-6952.1986.tb01434.x
352
Lynn D. Dierking. The Family Museum Experience: Implications from Research. The Journal of Museum Education. 1989;14:9–11.
353
Dierking LD, Falk J. Family behavior and learning in informal science settings: A review of the research. Science education. 1994;78:57–72.
354
Dierking LD, Falk J. Understanding Free-Choice Learning: A Review of the Research and its Application to Museum Web Sites. Museums and the Web 1998: proceedings. [Pittsburgh, Pa.]: Archives & Museums Informatics 1998.
355
Doering ZD, Pekarik AJ, Kindlon AE. Exhibitions and Expectations: The Case of ‘Degenerate Art’. Curator: The Museum Journal. 1997;40:127–42. doi: 10.1111/j.2151-6952.1997.tb01294.x
356
Ellenbogen K. Museums in family life: an ethnographic case study. Learning conversations in museums. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates 2002:81–101.
357
Dierking, Lynn D., Falk, John H., American Association of Museums. Public institutions for personal learning: establishing a research agenda. Washington: American Association of Museums 1995.
358
Falk J H, Moussouri T, Coulson D. The Effect of Visitors ‘ Agendas on Museum Learning. Curator: The Museum Journal. 1998;41:107–20. doi: 10.1111/j.2151-6952.1998.tb00822.x
359
Gilbert, J, Priest M. Models and discourse: A primary school science class visit to a museum. Science Education. 1997;81:749–62.
360
Hilke DD. Strategies for Family Learning in Museums. Visitor studies 1988: theory, research and practice. Jacksonville, Ala: Center for Social Design 1988:120–34.
361
Hike DD. The Family as a Learning System: An Observational Study of Families in Museums. Marriage & Family Review. 1989;13:101–29. doi: 10.1300/J002v13n03_07
362
Hooper-Greenhill, Eilean, Research Centre for Museums and Galleries. Making meaning in art museums: 1: Visitors’ interpretive strategies at Wolverhampton Art Gallery. 2001.
363
Hooper-Greenhill, Eilean, Research Centre for Museums and Galleries. Making meaning in art museums: 2: Visitors’ interpretive strategies at Nottingham Castle Museum and Art Gallery. 2001.
364
Koke J. What do we Know about Family Outings? - An Application of Qualitative Research to Program Planning. Museums educate: Third Museum Education Colloquium proceedings. Toronto: Ontario Museum Association 1996:10–4.
365
Koran JJ, Ellis J. Research In Informal Settings: Some Reflections on Designs and Methodology. ILVS review: a journal of visitor behavior. International Laboratory for Visitor Studies, Dept. of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee 1991:67–86.
366
Korpan C, et al. . What did you learn outside of school today? Using structured interviews to document home and community activities related to science and technology. Science Education. 1997;81:651–62.
367
Leinhardt, Gaea, Knutson, Karen. Listening in on museum conversations. Walnut Creek: Altamira Press 2004.
368
Lozowski BD, Jochums Slez B. The relationship between visitor characteristics and learning-associated behaviors in a science museum discovery space. Science Education. 1994;78:137–48.
369
Macdonald S. Consuming Science: Public Knowledge and the Dispersed Politics or Reception Among Museum Visitors. Media, culture, and society. 1995;17.
370
Macdonald S. Cultural imagining among museum visitors: A case study. Museum Management and Curatorship. 1992;11:401–9. doi: 10.1016/0964-7775(92)90079-K
371
Macdonald S, Silverstone R. Science on display: the representation of scientific controversy in museum exhibitions. Public Understanding of Science. 1992;1:69–88. doi: 10.1088/0963-6625/1/1/010
372
McManus P. It’s the company you keep … The social determination of learning-related behaviour in a science museum. Museum Management and Curatorship. 1987;6:263–70. doi: 10.1016/0260-4779(87)90032-X
373
McManus P. Good companions: More on the social determination of learning-related behaviour in a science museum. Museum Management and Curatorship. 1988;7:37–44. doi: 10.1016/0260-4779(88)90049-0
374
McManus P. Topics in Museums and Science Education. Studies in science education. 1992;20:157–82.
375
McManus P. Memories as indicators of the impact of museum visits. Museum Management and Curatorship. 1993;12:367–80. doi: 10.1016/0964-7775(93)90034-G
376
Merriman, Nick. Beyond the glass case: the past, the heritage and the public. London: Institute of Archaeology, University College London 2000.
377
Moussouri T. Negotiated agendas: families in science and technology museums. International Journal for Technology Management. 2003;25:477–89.
378
Ramey-Gassert L, et al. . Reexamining connections: Museums as science learning environments. Science education. 1994;78:345–63.
379
Russell RL. Project Explore: Please Touch Museum and Havard Museum’s Project Zero. Informal Learning. 1999;37:4–5.
380
Silverman L. ‘Johnny Showed Us the Butterflies’: The Museum as a Family Therapy Tool. Museum visits and activities for family life enrichment. London: Haworth 1989:131–50.
381
Stevens R, Hall R. Seeing Tornado: How Video Traces mediate visitor understandings of (natural?) phenomena in a science museum- Wiley Online Library. Science education. 1997;81:735–46.
382
Stevenson J. The Long-Term Impact of Interactive Exhibits. International journal of science education. 1991;13:521–31.
383
Tunnicliff S. School Visits to Zoos and Museums: A Missed Educational Opportunity? International journal of science education. 1997;19:1039–56.
384
Tunnicliff S, Osborne J. What Do Zoos and Museums Have to Offer Young Children for Learning About Animals? JEM: journal of education in museums. 1995;16:16–9.
385
Tuckey CJ. Schoolchildren’s Reactions to an Interactive Science Centre. Curator. 1992;35:28–38.
386
White J. What Have We Discovered about Discovery Rooms. What research says about learning in science museums. Washington, D.C: Association of Science-Technology Centers 1990:7–9.
387
Wyszomirski MJ. Learning from Research. Bridges to understanding children’s museums. [s.l.]: Nina F. Gibans 1999:131–42.
388
Yahya I. Mindful Play! or Mindless Learning!: Modes of Exploring Science in Museums. Exploring science in museums. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Athlone 1996:123–47.
389
Museums, libraries and archives: Inspiring learning.
390
Museum Learning Collaborative Homepage.
391
MLC Reports and Articles.
392
MLC Annotated Literature.
393
Bicknell, Sandra, Farmelo, Graham, Science Museum (Great Britain). Museum visitor studies in the 90s. London: Science Museum 1993.
394
Black, Thomas R. Evaluating social science research: an introduction. London: Sage Publications 1993.
395
Screven, Chandler G., Blais, Andrée, Société des musées québécois, et al. Text in the exhibition medium. Montréal: Société des musées québécois 1995.
396
Denzin, Norman K., Lincoln, Yvonna S. Handbook of qualitative research. 2nd ed. London: Sage Publications 2000.
397
Dodd J, Sandell R. Including museums : perspectives on museums, galleries and social inclusion. Research centre for museums and galleries, University of Leicester 2001.
398
Erickson, Bonnie H., Nosanchuk, T. A. Understanding data. 2nd ed. Buckingham: Open University Press 1992.
399
Falk, John H., Dierking, Lynn D., Boyd, W. L. The museum experience. Washington, D.C.: Whalesback Books 1992.
400
Ferguson, Linda, Ravelli, Louise, MacLulich, Carolyn, et al. Meanings and messages: language guidelines for museum exhibitions. Sydney: Australian Museum 1995.
401
Greenberg R, Ferguson BW, Nairne S. Thinking about exhibitions. London: Routledge 1996.
402
Hooper-Greenhill, Eilean. The educational role of the museum. 2nd ed. London: Routledge 1999.
403
Hooper-Greenhill, Eilean. Museum and gallery education. Leicester: Leicester University Press 1991.
404
Hooper-Greenhill, Eilean, University of Leicester. Writing a museum education policy. Leicester: Dept. of Museum Studies, University of Leicester 1991.
405
Kavanagh, Gaynor. Museum languages: objects and texts. Leicester: Leicester University Press 1991.
406
Kentley, Eric, Negus, Dick, National Maritime Museum (Great Britain). Writing on the wall: a guide for presenting exhibition text. Greenwich: National Maritime Museum 1989.
407
Lord, Gail Dexter, Lord, Barry. The manual of museum planning. 2nd ed. London: The Stationery Office 1999.
408
McManus P. Reviewing the reviewers: Towards a critical language for didactic science exhibitions. Museum Management and Curatorship. 1986;5:213–26. doi: 10.1016/0260-4779(86)90030-0
409
McManus P. It’s the company you keep … The social determination of learning-related behaviour in a science museum. Museum Management and Curatorship. 1987;6:263–70. doi: 10.1016/0260-4779(87)90032-X
410
McManus P. Good companions: More on the social determination of learning-related behaviour in a science museum. Museum Management and Curatorship. 1988;7:37–44. doi: 10.1016/0260-4779(88)90049-0
411
McManus PM. Oh yes they do! How museum visitors read labels and interact with exhibit texts. Curator. 1989;32:174–89. doi: 10.1111/j.2151-6952.1989.tb00718.x
412
McManus, Paulette M. Archaeological displays and the public: museology and interpretation. 2nd ed. London: Archetype 2000.
413
Miles, R. S. The design of educational exhibits. 2nd rev. ed. London: Allen & Unwin 1988.
414
Moroney, M. J. Facts from figures. 3rd ed. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books 1965.
415
Serrell, Beverly. Making exhibit labels: a step by step guide. Nashville, Tenn: AASLH Press 1988.
416
Tilden, Freeman. Interpreting our heritage. 3d ed. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press 1977.
417
Uzzell, David L. Heritage interpretation. London: Belhaven 1989.
418
Velarde, Giles. Designing exhibitions: museums, heritage, trade and world fairs. 2nd ed. Aldershot: Ashgate 2001.
419
Vergo, Peter. The new museology. London: Reaktion 1989.
420
Berleant A. The museum of art as a participatory environment. Curator. 1990;31:31–9. doi: 10.1111/j.2151-6952.1990.tb00975.x
421
Chong D. A ‘Family of Galleries’: Repositioning the Tate Gallery. Museum Management and Curatorship. 1999;18:145–57. doi: 10.1016/S0260-4779(00)00014-5
422
Cox A, Cox M. The under fives at Walsall Museum and Art Gallery. JEM: journal of education in museums. 1995;16:4–5.
423
Csikszentmihalyi M. Notes on art museum experiences. Insights: museum visitor attitudes and expectations: a focus group experiment. J. Paul Getty Trust 1991:123–31.
424
Longhenry S. Labels for contemporary art, Indianapolis Museum of Art | Museums Association.
425
Xanthoudaki M. Museum and gallery educational programmes: learning processes and contribution to art education. JEM: journal of education in museums. 1997;18:29–31.
426
Xanthoudaki M. Educational provision for young people as independent visitors to art museums and galleries: issues of learning and training. Museum Management and Curatorship. 1998;17:159–72. doi: 10.1016/S0260-4779(98)00039-9
427
Volunteering Works - Volunteering and Social Policy.
428
Orr N. Museum Volunteering: Heritage as ‘Serious Leisure’. International Journal Heritage Studies. 2006;12:194–210.
429
Volunteering in Museums: Key Findings and Issues from Literature. 2005.
430
Modelling the volunteer experience: findings from the heritage sector. 2002.
431
Volunteers in the Cultural Sector in England. 2002.
432
Greenfield EA, Marks NF. Formal Colunteering as a Protective Factor for Older Adults’ Psychological Well-Being. 2004;59B:258–64.
433
British-Museum_Policy_on_Volunteering.pdf.
434
Ambrose, Tim, Paine, Crispin. Museum basics. 2nd ed. London: Routledge 2006.
435
Babbidge A. Volunteering in independent museums. A research study. Egeria 2009.
436
Burcaw, George Ellis. Introduction to museum work. 3rd ed. Walnut Creek, Calif: Altamira Press 1997.
437
Hooper-Greenhill E, Chadwick A. Volunteers in museums and galleries: a discussion of some of the issues. The museums journal. 1985;84.
438
Glaser, Jane R., Zenetou, Artemis A., Smithsonian Institution. Museums: a place to work : planning museum careers. London: Routledge 1996.
439
Goodlad, Sinclair, McIvor, Stephanie. Museum volunteers: good practice in the management of volunteers. London: Routledge 1998.
440
Green JP. The management of volunteers. Manual of curatorship: a guide to museum practice. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann 1992:167–71.
441
Hill J. Recruiting and retaining volunteers - a practical introduction. AIM Focus Paper 2009.
442
Holmes K. Volunteers in the heritage sector: a neglected audience? International journal of heritage studies IJHS. 2003;9:341–55.
443
Machin J, Angela Ellis Paine A. Management matters: a national survey of volunteer management capacity. Institute for Volunteering Research 2008.
444
Hutin M. Young people help out Volunteering and giving among young people. Institute for volunteering research 2008.
445
Lord, Barry, Lord, Gail Dexter, Tate Gallery. The manual of museum management. London: HMSO 1997.
446
Mattingly, Jenny, Great Britain, Great Britain, et al. Volunteers in museums and galleries: the report of a survey into the work of volunteers in museums and galleries in the United Kingdom. Berkhamsted: Volunteer Centre 1984.
447
Millar S. Policy planning for volunteers. Forward planning: a handbook of business, corporate and development planning for museums and galleries. London: Museums & Galleries Commission in conjunction with Routledge 1991.
448
Monger G. One step forward. Museums journal. ;101:34–5.
449
Mulhearn D. Mutual benefits. Museums journal. 2009;109:32–5.
450
Smith JD. Organising volunteers. Voluntary matters: management & good practice in the voluntary sector. London: The Directory of Social Change for The Media Trust 1997.
451
Thompson M. Strike Action. Volunteering Magazine. 2005;110.
452
Yates B. Working with Volunteers: an introduction to good practice. 2006.
453
Volunteer | Children’s Discovery Museum of San Jose. https://www.cdm.org/connect/volunteer/
454
Becoming a volunteer | nidirect. http://www.nidirect.gov.uk/becoming-a-volunteer
455
Baring Foundation. Volunteers in museums : key findings and issues from the literature.
456
Calder S. Don’t know much about history? You need a British Museum volunteer. The Independent (newspaper). 20 AD.
457
Volunteering in the recession: Outline report for the Recession Summit 21 January 2010 - Volunteering England.
458
How to volunteer : Directgov - Home and community.
459
Doing One’s duty: A Case Study of Volunteering in a Deprived Community.
460
British Museum: Volunteers.
461
CDM: San Jose Volunteer and Community Service at Children’s Discovery Museum.
462
Rand, Judy. Fish stories that hook readers : interpretive graphics at the Monterey Bay Aquarium. Published Online First: 1990.
463
Alt MB. Improving audio-visual presentations. Curator. 1979;22:85–95. doi: 10.1111/j.2151-6952.1979.tb00939.x
464
Alt MB. Four years of visitor surveys at the British Museum (Natural History). The Museums Journal. 1980;80:10–9.
465
Alt M, Shaw KM. Characteristics of ideal museum exhibits. British journal of psychology. 1984;75:25–36.
466
Arnold K. Presenting science as product or as process : Museums and the making of science. Exploring science in museums. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Athlone 1996:57–78.
467
Bradburne J. Brand Old: An "Ace Caff” with a Silly Exhibition Attached. Museum Management and Curatorship. 2000;18:407–9. doi: 10.1016/S0260-4779(01)00006-1
468
Bud R. The myth and the machine : seeing science through museum eyes. Picturing power: visual depiction and social relations. London: Routledge 1988:134–59.
469
Diamond J. The Behavior of Family Groups in Science Museums. Curator. 1986;29:139–54. doi: 10.1111/j.2151-6952.1986.tb01434.x
470
Diamond J, et al. . The exploratorium’s explainer program: The long-term impacts on teenagers of teaching science to the public . Science education. 1987;71:643–56.
471
Doering ZD. Who attends our cultural institutions? . Progress Report based on the Smithsonian Institution Marketing Study 1995.
472
Falk JH, Martin WW, Balling JD. The novel field-trip phenomenon: Adjustment to novel settings interferes with task learning. Journal of Research in Science Teaching. 1978;15:127–34. doi: 10.1002/tea.3660150207
473
Feher E, Rice K. Development of scientific concepts through the use of interactive exhibits in a museum. Curator. 1985;28:35–46.
474
Griggs S. Orientating visitors within a thematic display. Museum Management and Curatorship. 1983;2:119–34. doi: 10.1016/0260-4779(83)90037-7
475
Hein G. The constructivist museum. JEM: journal of education in museums. 1995;16:21–3. http://www.gem.org.uk/pubs/news/hein1995.html
476
Bailey et al. E. Visitor behavior at a constructivist exhibtion. Evaluating ‘Investigate!’ at Boston’s Museum of Science. CECA : Committee for Education and Cultural Action. 1997;1–24. http://www.exhibitfiles.org/dfile2/ReviewFinding/211/original/InvestigateEvaluation.pdf
477
Hodge R, D’Souza W. The museum as communicator : a semiotic analysis of the Western Australian Museum aboriginal gallery, Perth. Museum. 1979;31:251–67. http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001273/127321eo.pdf#43225
478
Hood M. Staying away: why people choose not to visit museums. Museum news. ;61:50–7.
479
Hood M. Getting started in audience research. Museum news. 1986;64:25–31.
480
de Jong A. You are lucky, the farmer has just returned : the role of open-air museums in interpreting the life of individuals as opposed to the history of architecture. Cahiers d’étude : Study Series 6: (ICR) / ICOM’s International Committee for Regional Museums (ICR). 1999;16:15–8. http://archives.icom.museum/ss-icr/page15.html
481
Korn R. Introduction to evaluation : theory and methodology. Museum education: history, theory, and practice. Reston, Va: National Art Education Association 1989:219–38.
482
McLean K. Looking at exhibitions : One approach to criticism. Planning for people in museum exhibitions. Washington, D.C.: Association of Science-Technology Centers 1993:163–6.
483
McManus P. Reviewing the reviewers: Towards a critical language for didactic science exhibitions. Museum Management and Curatorship. 1986;5:213–26. doi: 10.1016/0260-4779(86)90030-0
484
McManus PM. Families in museums. Towards the museum of the future: new European perspectives. London: Routledge 1993:81–97.
485
McManus PM. Museums and Visitor Studies Today. Keynote Address, Visitor Studies Conference, St. Paul, USA 1995. Visitor Studies. 2007;8:1–12.
486
McManus PM. Oh yes they do! How museum visitors read labels and interact with exhibit texts. Curator. 1989;32:174–89. doi: 10.1111/j.2151-6952.1989.tb00718.x
487
McManus PM. Frames of reference : changes in evaluative attitudes to visitors. The Journal of Museum Education. 1996;21:3–5.
488
Miles R. Museum audiences. Museum Management and Curatorship. 1986;5:73–80. doi: 10.1016/0260-4779(86)90009-9
489
Pardo J. Audiovisual installation as a strategy for the modernization of heritage presentation spaces. ICOM / AVICOM Study Series . 1998;5:17–21.
490
Sless D. Mistakes about Multi-media. Museum national. 1995;4:7–9.
491
Sless D. Mistakes about Multi-media. Museum national. 1995;4:7–9.
492
Wittlin A. Hazards of communication by exhibits. Curator. 1971;14:138–50.
493
Claxton G. Wise up: the challenge of lifelong learning. New York: Bloomsbury 1999.
494
Durbin G, Group for Education in Museums. Developing museum exhibitions for lifelong learning. London: The Stationary Office, HMSO 1996.
495
Durbin G, Group for Education in Museums. Developing museum exhibitions for lifelong learning. London: The Stationary Office, HMSO 1996.
496
Falk JH, Dierking LD. School Field Trips: Assessing Their Long-Term Impact. Curator: The Museum Journal. 1997;40:211–8. doi: 10.1111/j.2151-6952.1997.tb01304.x
497
Falk JH, Dierking LD, American Association of Museums. Public institutions for personal learning: establishing a research agenda. Washington: American Association of Museums 1995.
498
Griffin J. Learning to learn in informal science settings. Research in Science Education. 1994;24:121–8. doi: 10.1007/BF02356336
499
Haas NT. Project Explore: How Children are Really Learning in Children’s Museums. Visitor Studies. 1996;9.
500
Hein GE. Learning in the museum. New York: Routledge 1998.
501
Hein G. Constructivist Learning Theory’. The Museum and the Needs of People: ICOMCECA Annual Conference, Jerusalem. 1991:90–1.
502
Hein G. The constructivist museum. Journal of Education in Museums. 1995;16.
503
Collins ZW, American Association of Museums. Museums, adults, and the humanities: a guide for educational programming. Washington, D.C.: American Association of Museums 1981.
504
Hooper-Greenhill E, Moussouri T, Dodd J, et al. Measuring the outcomes and impact of learning in museums, libraries and archives.
505
Hooper-Greenhill E, Moussouri T. Researching learning in museums and galleries 1990-1999: a bibliographic review.
506
Hooper-Greenhill E. Developing a scheme for finding evidence of the outcomes and impact of learning in museums, archives and libraries: the conceptual framework. 2002.
507
Macdonald S. A companion to museum studies. Malden, Mass: Blackwell 2006.
508
McCallie E, Bell L, Lohwater T, et al. Many Experts, Many Audiences: Public Engagement with Science and Informal Science Education. 2009.
509
Rennie LJ, Johnston DJ. The nature of learning and its implications for research on learning from museums. Science Education. 2004;88:S4–16. doi: 10.1002/sce.20017
510
Silverman L. Visitor Meaning-Making in Museums for a New Age. Curator. 1995;38:161–70. doi: 10.1111/j.2151-6952.1995.tb01052.x
511
Gibans NF, Beach BK. Bridges to understanding children’s museums. [s.l.]: Nina F. Gibans 1999.
512
Wenger E. Communities of practice: learning, meaning, and identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1998.
513
Arts Council England: Creative media policy |. http://www.artscouncil.org.uk/advice-and-guidance/browse-advice-and-guidance/creative-media-policy
514
Achieving great art for everyone: A strategic framework for the arts. 2011.
515
Culture, knowledge and understanding: great museums and libraries for everyone. 2011.
516
A review of research and literature on museums and libraries. 2011. http://www.artscouncil.org.uk/publication_archive/museums-and-libraries-research-review/
517
Oliver M, Barton L. Disability studies: past, present and future. Leeds: The Disability Press 1997.
518
CASE programme: understanding the drivers, impacts and value of engagement in culture and sport - Publications - GOV.UK. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/case-programme-understanding-the-drivers-impacts-and-value-of-engagement-in-culture-and-sport
519
Cochran H. True Needs-True Partners: Museums and Schools Transforming Education. Washington, DC, USA: Institute of Museum Services 1996.
520
Schuster JMD. The audience for American art museums. Washington: Seven Locks Press 1991.
521
Centres for Social Change: Museums, Galleries and Archives for All. 2000.
522
Hooper-Greenhill E. Museum, media, message. London: Routledge 1995.
523
Lumley R. The museum time-machine: putting cultures on display. London: Routledge 1988.
524
Hooper-Greenhill E. Cultural diversity: developing museum audiences in Britain. London: Leicester University Press 1997.
525
Golding V. Learning at the museum frontiers: identity, race and power. Farnham: Ashgate 2009.
526
Gurian EH. Civilizing the museum: the collected writings of Elaine Heumann Gurian. London: Routledge 2006.
527
Butler BH, Sussman MB. Museum visits and activities for family life enrichment. New York: Haworth 1989.
528
Hooper-Greenhill E. Museums and their visitors. London: Routledge 1994.
529
Hooper-Greenhill E. Museums and the interpretation of visual culture. London: Routledge 2000.
530
Hooper-Greenhill E, Sandell R, Moussouri T, et al. Museums and social inclusion – The GLLAM report. 2000.
531
Kavanagh G. What Role Do Oral Testimony and Reminiscence Work Have in Making History? Museums journal. 1990;April.
532
Lawson A, Gooding C. Disability rights in Europe: from theory to practice. Oxford: Hart 2005.
533
Linton J, Young G. A Survey of Visitors at an Art Gallery, Cultural History Museum, Science Centre, and Zoo. ILVS review: a journal of visitor behavior. 1988;2.
534
Macdonald S, Silverstone R. Science on Display: The Representation of Scientific Controversy in Museum Exhibitions. Public Understanding of Science. 1992;1:69–88. doi: 10.1088/0963-6625/1/1/010
535
Matarasso F. Defining Values: Evaluating Arts Programmes’, The Social Impact of Arts Programmes, Working Paper 1. 1997.
536
Matarasso F. Use or Ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts. 1997.
537
Lucy Phillips. Social Impact of Arts Programmes (The Social Impact of the Arts: Working Paper). Comedia .
538
Arts Council England | Arts Council. http://www.artscouncil.org.uk/
539
Museums, libraries and archives - learning - Home. http://www.inspiringlearningforall.gov.uk/
540
An archive of The Campaign for Museums website | Culture24.
541
Department for Culture, Media & Sport - GOV.UK. https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-for-culture-media-sport
542
Digital Participation and Learning: 22 Case Studies. 2011.
543
Knez EI, Wright G. The museum as a communication system: an assessment of Cameron’s viewpoint. Curator. 1970;13:204–12.
544
Cameron D. A viewpoint: the museum as a communication system and implications for museum education. Curator. 1968;11:33–40.
545
Conn S. Museums and American intellectual life, 1876-1926. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press 1998.
546
Luke TW. Shows of force: power, politics, and ideology in art exhibitions. Durham, NC: Duke University Press 1992.
547
Macdonald S. The politics of display: museums, science, culture. London: Routledge 1997.
548
Rice D. Modern art: making people mad? Museum news. 1997;53–8.
549
Museums Association of Pakistan. Working with designers 2: keeping control. Museums journal. 1990;6:29–33.
550
Visitor Behaviour: Special Issue on Exhibit Learning. 1989;4.
551
Price S, Hein G. More than a Field Trip: Science Programmes for Elementary School Groups at Museums. International Journal of Science Education. 1991;13.
552
Inez S. Wolins. The Family Museum Experience: Implications from Research. The Journal of Museum Education. ;14.
553
Rand, Judy. Fish stories that hook readers : interpretive graphics at the Monterey Bay Aquarium. Published Online First: 1990.
554
Becoming a volunteer | nidirect. http://www.nidirect.gov.uk/becoming-a-volunteer
555
Volunteer | Children’s Discovery Museum of San Jose. https://www.cdm.org/connect/volunteer/
556
British-Museum_Policy_on_Volunteering.pdf.
557
Greenfield EA, Marks NF. Formal Colunteering as a Protective Factor for Older Adults’ Psychological Well-Being. 2004;59B:258–64.
558
Volunteers in the Cultural Sector in England. 2002.
559
Modelling the volunteer experience: findings from the heritage sector. 2002.
560
Facilitating organisational effectiveness among volunteeers in sport. 2007.
561
Volunteering in Museums: Key Findings and Issues from Literature. 2005.
562
Orr N. Museum Volunteering: Heritage as ‘Serious Leisure’. International Journal Heritage Studies. 2006;12:194–210.
563
Volunteering Works - Volunteering and Social Policy.
564
Culture, knowledge and understanding: great museums and libraries for everyone. 2011.
565
Falk JH, Dierking LD, Foutz S. In principle, in practice: museums as learning institutions. Lanham, Md: Altamira Press 2007.
566
O’Brien D. Measuring the value of culture: a report to the Department for Culture Media and Spor - measuring-the-value-culture-report.pdf. 2010.
567
Charter for the Interpretation and Presentation of Cultural Heritage Sites. 2007.
568
Silverman LH. Meaning Making Matters Communication consequences and Exhibit Design. Exhibitionist. Published Online First: 1999.
569
Smithsonian: Museum Studies. http://museumstudies.si.edu/
570
MORI: Science in Society. https://www.ipsos-mori.com/Assets/Docs/Polls/Final_OSTreport_051110.PDF
571
MORI: Public Attitudes to Science 2011.
572
Public attitudes to science 2008.
573
Science and the Public: A Review of Science Communication and Public Attitudes to Science in Britain.
574
Basic Guide to Outcomes-Based Evaluation for Nonprofit Organizations with Very Limited Resources. http://managementhelp.org/evaluation/outcomes-evaluation-guide.htm
575
IMLS-Shaping outcomes.
